棉花吐絮典型外观形态特性及遗传稳定性探讨

2012—2013年连续2 a在相同种植条件下,研究了棉花8个品系含絮和裂絮2种典型吐絮外观形态,测定样品的上半部平均长度、断裂比强度、马克隆值、衣分和单铃质量指标,同时根据后代含絮和裂絮出现频率,分析吐絮的2种典型外观形态内在特性联系及其遗传稳定性特征。结果表明,外观形态为含絮样品的上半部平均长度、衣分、单铃质量指标测定值都高于同代裂絮测定值,且差异极显著,相关性显著,断裂比强度差异显著但相关性不显著,马克隆值差异不显著,相关性极显著;种植含絮和裂絮样品种子,后代含絮衣分和单铃质量指标提高差异显著,后代裂絮的断裂比强度指标提高差异显著;后代含絮性状的遗传变异系数为10.43%,达到中等变异度水平,易受环境影响,后代裂絮性状遗传变异系数为6.79%,变异度较小,基因遗传为主作用因素,受环境影响出现变异几率较小。

Approach to Cotton Characters of Boll Opening Typical Outward Appearances and Genetic Stability

8 cotton varieties planted in the same circumstances and outward appearances of two lines typical of boll-opening were studied on the internal properties relationship and genetic stabilities by analyzing fiber length, strength, micronaire, lint and single boll weight from 2012 to 2013. At the mean time the frequencyof the hug-opening bolls occurrence and split-opening ones were investigated.The results indicated that estimated values of fiber length, lint, single boll weight of hug-opening bolls were remarkably better than that of the split-opening ones which were the same generation and existed significant correlations, but the fiber strength difference is significant with no obviously pertinence and the micronaire is steady.By planting seed of the hug-opening bolls and split-opening ones, the fiber lint and single boll weight of hug-opening bolls was remarkable higher which was the same as strength of split-opening bolls in descendants.The genetic coefficient of variation are 10.43% and 6.79% of later generations hug-opening bolls and split-opening ones respectively.