成都市郊区土壤芽孢杆菌的初步研究

利用格网抽样与重点抽样相结合的混合随机抽样技术以及全球卫星定位系统(GPS)，在成都市郊区采集耕作层土样20个，采用稀释平板计数法对其芽孢杆菌和总细菌进行了分离。结果表明，芽孢杆菌是成都市郊区土壤细菌中的主要类群，约占细菌总量的25、3％；鉴定出13种芽孢杆菌中，广泛分布的种有巨大芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、球形芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌和环状芽孢杆菌。根据物种多样性分析的结果，成都市郊区芽孢杆菌物种较丰富，绝大多数样点能分离到2个种以上，少数采样点可达4个种以上。单个样点均匀度指数较低，生态优势度较高，存在明显的优势种。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF SOIL BACILLUS IN THE SUBURBS OF CHENGDU

The quantity of soil bacteria and the diversity of Bacillus in the suburbs of Chengdu were examined in 20 soil samples collected at the 0~20 cm depth by the approaches of grid and stratum sampling combined with GPS. The results showed that Bacillus was the dominant genus of soil bacteria, accounting for 25.3% of the total quantity of soil bacteria. Based on characterization of their morphology and physiology-biochemistry, 13 species were identified, of which B. megaterium, B. cereus, B. pumilus and B. insolitus were the main populations and had a wider distribution. The diversity of the genus was relatively rich, 1-3 species were normally identified in most soil samples and occasionally 4-5 species were identified.