康乃馨锈病病原鉴定及药剂筛选

通过鉴定发现引起甘肃省康乃馨锈病的病原为石竹单胞柄锈菌(Uromyces dianthi Niessl.)；分别采用孢子萌发法和田间喷雾法、灌根法对防治康乃馨锈病的药剂进行了室内筛选和田间药效试验.结果表明,12.5％烯唑醇可湿性粉剂、25％嘧菌酯悬浮剂等7种药剂对康乃馨锈病夏孢子的萌发抑制率均超过50％；对筛选出的7种药剂进一步进行田间药效试验,发现采用喷雾法时12.5％烯唑醇可湿性粉剂、25％嘧菌酯悬浮剂和10％苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂三种药剂的防效高于其他几种药剂,分别达70.2％、68.3％和65.0％,而灌根法对康乃馨锈病的防效并不理想,最高防效仅为8.1％.

Identification of the pathogen of carnation rust and chemical screening

The pathogen of carnation rust in Gansu Province was identified to be puccinia single cell (Uromyces dianthi Niessl.); Laboratory experiments and field tests were conducted to screen effective fungicides against carnation rust by spore germination, field spraying, and irrigation root methods. Laboratory experiments showed that 12.5% diniconazole WP, 25% azoxystrobin SC and other 5 kinds of fungicides could inhibit the urediospores germination by over 50%. Field tests indicated that control efficacy of 12.5% diniconazole WP, 25% azoxystrobin SC and 10% difenoconazole WG was higher than that of other fungicides by spraying method, with efficiency of 70.2%, 68.3 % and 65.0%, respectively. However, control effect by irrigation root methods was poor, with a maximal efficiency of 8.1%.