柑橘炭疽病高效杀菌剂的筛选及抗药性菌株的发现

采用生长速率法,用50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂(WP)、80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂(WP)、10%苯醚甲环唑水分散剂(WG)、45%咪鲜胺水乳剂(EW)和25%嘧菌酯悬浮剂(FW)5种杀菌剂对来自广东不同地区和不同柑橘品种的10个柑橘炭疽病菌菌株进行了毒力测定.结果表明,咪鲜胺对柑橘炭疽病菌具有最好的抑制效果,其次是苯醚甲环唑;所有供试菌株对嘧菌酯和代森锰锌都具有一定程度的抗药性;不同地区的菌株对多菌灵的敏感性存在明显的差异,其中菌株CCMZ035、CCMZ004、CCST003和CCST026对多菌灵表现出很强的耐药性(抗药性).因此,咪鲜胺和苯醚甲环唑可作为防治柑橘炭疽病的首选药剂.

Screening of Efficient Fungicides for the Control of Citrus Anthracnose and the Discovery of Fungicide-Resistant Isolates

Five fungicides, namely 50% carbendazin WP, 80% mancozeb WP, 10% difenoconazole WG, 45% prochloraz EW and 25% azoxystrobin FW, were tested for their toxicities to citrus anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates from different cirtrus varieties and different districts of Guangdong Province by using mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that prochloraz had the best antifungal effect, followed by difenoconazole. All tested isolates had certain degrees of resistance to azoxystrobin and mancozeb, and showed obvious sensitivity differences to carbendazim. Isolates CCMZ004, CCMZ004, CCST003 and CCST026 all had the strong tolerance (resistance) to carbendazim.Therefore, prochloraz and difenoconazole can be used as the preferable fungicides to control citrus anthracnose.