黄淮海夏播玉米产区生产要素替代关系实证研究

基于玉米生产成本的上涨,建立超越对数成本函数模型,利用1999-2018年20年的面板数据探究玉米生产要素之间的替代关系,得出结果：(1)土地要素与其他各类要素相互替代关系。种子对土地的替代关系呈现先上升后平稳的态势,机械与其他生产要素对土地的替代呈现出略有下滑、基本平稳的趋势,化肥对土地的替代关系呈现波浪形趋势,但始终维持在较高的替代水平。(2)劳动力要素与其他各类要素替代关系。机械对劳动力的替代关系基本呈现平稳态势,但从其他各类要素对劳动力替代效应的程度来看,机械对劳动力的替代效果更加显著。根据研究结果,对玉米生产的降本增效,农民的增收提出一些政策建议。

An empirical study on the substitution of production factors in huang-huai-hai summer sowing maize production area

Based on the increase of corn production cost, a model of transcendental logarithmic cost function was established. The panel data from 1999-2018 were used to explore the substitution relationship between corn production factors, and the results were as follows :(1) the substitution relationship between land factors and other factors.The replacement relationship between seeds and land showed a trend of rising first and then stable; the replacement relationship between machinery and other factors of production showed a trend of slightly declining and basically stable; the replacement relationship between fertilizer and land showed a wavy trend, but remained at a high level of replacement all the time.(2) substitution relationship between labor factors and other factors.The substitution relationship between machinery and labor force is basically stable, but from the point of view of the substitution effect of other factors on labor force, the substitution effect of machinery on labor force is more significant.According to the research results, some policy Suggestions are put forward to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of corn production and increase the income of farmers.