4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机薯块交接输送机构设计

为了解决4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机作业过程中损失率大、伤薯率高等问题,该研究在分析4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机整机结构的基础上开展薯块交接输送机构设计。以薯块交接输送过程中伤薯率和损失率为主要评价指标,在单因素试验基础上运用Box-Benhnken试验方法,以挖掘输送机构角度、刮板链输送角度、挖掘输送机构速度、刮板链输送速度为试验因素,对4UZL-1型甘薯联合收获机薯块交接输送机构工作参数进行四因素三水平试验研究,建立了评价指标对各因素的多元回归模型,分析了各因素对作业质量的影响,并得到了最优结构和作业参数。试验结果表明:各因素对损失率从大到小的影响顺序为刮板链输送角度、挖掘输送机构速度、刮板链输送速度、挖掘输送机构角度;各因素对伤薯率从大到小的影响顺序为挖掘输送机构速度、挖掘输送机构角度、刮板链输送速度、刮板链输送角度;当机器前进速度为1 m/s,挖掘输送机构角度为20°、刮板链输送角度为68°、挖掘输送机构速度为1.2 m/s、刮板链输送速度0.67 m/s时,薯块损失率为1.12%、损伤率为0.94%,与预测值相比,误差分别为3.4%和1.1%。研究结果可为甘薯联合收获机的结构完善和作业参数优化提供参考。

Design of potato connecting and conveying mechanism for 4UZL-1 type sweet potato combine harvester

Sweet potato is an important food crop and energy crop. In order to solve the problems of larger loss rate and high damage rate of 4UZL-1 sweet potato combine harvester during the operation process, a potato connection and conveying mechanism was designed based on the analysis of the structure of 4UZL-1 sweet potato combine harvester and characteristics of domestic sweet potato planting models in this paper. The potato connection and conveying mechanism was mainly composed of a depth limiting mechanism, a digging conveying mechanism, an arc grid conveying mechanism and a scraper chain conveying mechanism. The working parameters were obtained through the kinematic and mechanical analysis of the working process of the mechanism. Aiming at the main evaluation indexes of potato damage rate and loss rate during the transfer and transportation, the Box-Benhnken test was presented on the basis of single-factor test. The angle of the digging conveyor, the conveyor angle of the scraper chain, the conveyor speed of the digging and the conveyor speed of the scraper chain were selected as testing factors. The multiple regression model of evaluation index to each factor was established, and the influence of each factor on operation quality was analyzed, and the optimal structure and operation parameters were obtained. The results showed that the order of the significance influence of factors on potato loss rate from large to small was that the conveyor angle of the scraper chain, the conveyor speed of the digging conveyor, the conveyor speed of the scraper chain and the angle of the digging conveyor. The order of the factors influencing on potato damage rate from large to small was the conveyor speed of the digging, the angle of the digging conveyor, the conveyor speed of the scraper chain and the conveyor angle of the scraper chain. When the forward speed of the machine was 1 m/s, the angle of the digging conveyor was 20°, the conveyor angle of the scraper chain was 68°, the conveyor speed of the digging was 1.2 m/s, and the conveyor speed of the scraper chain was 0.67 m/s, respectively, the potato loss rate was 1.12%, and the potato damage rate was 0.94%. Compared with the predicted values, the relative errors were 3.4% and 1.1%, respectively, the results satisfied the performance requirements of the 4UZL-1 sweet potato combine harvester. The study is benefit for the structure improvement and operation parameters optimization of the sweet potato combine harvester.