国际农村空间多元化研究的知识图谱分析

伴随着发达国家"逆城市化"的出现,城乡移居、消费农村等农村空间多元化问题成为国际学者的研究焦点与前沿。该研究借助CiteSpace文献分析软件,挖掘最新研究成果,追踪热点期刊,探讨研究区域布局,识别研究基础,提取并解读乡村性、农村功能转变、农村空间再生产、乡村绅士化、乡村社会表征等六大研究主题。结果表明,国际农村空间多元化研究成果丰硕,研究热点和议题不断扩展,研究成果具有较高的理论价值和实践意义,但研究格局极不均衡,产出成果高度聚集。而国内农村空间多元化关注时间较短,研究内容以传统生产导向维度为主,现代消费导向的研究成果相对有限;研究内容以实证现象判别为主,乡村性、乡村空间再生产等理论研究成果相对不足。结合国际研究经验,该研究指出未来国内研究应注重构建理论体系、强化机理剖析、注重微观解析,以期为乡村振兴战略提供借鉴和参考。

International rural space diversification based on knowledge mapping analysis using CiteSpace

Abstract: Agriculture and rural development in China have entered a new stage with the rapid globalization, urbanization, and the shift in consumer demand. A new style of consumption is forming the value of rural diversification. In order to promote the rural reform and modern agriculture, the rural revitalization and urban-rural integration, a Rural Revitalization Strategy has been released at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, particularly on a series of policies, such as the Rural Revitalization Strategy Plan (2018-2022), the active use of idle homesteads and housing bases. To revitalize countryside, the diversification of rural functions is becoming a new topic of rural space research in China. There are diversified research trends in previous studies on rural space, such as multi-functional transformation, rural revitalization, and rural space commercialization, social and cultural differentiation. However, most research interests are still focused on the new rural construction, such as hollow village, rural renovation, possibly due to the insight was confined by the urbanization process and the stage of rural development in China. The further explore is also lacking in consumption-oriented modern leisure for the rural functions. In the counter-urbanization of developed countries, the diversification rural space has become hot research directions, such as urban-rural migration, consumption of rural areas. In this paper, the combination of conventional reading method and knowledge mapping analysis in CiteSpace document analysis software was used to sort out the research context of international rural spatial diversification, and then to identify research hot spots, finally to extract the explanation of research topics. The results show that (1) international rural space has undergone a series of transitions from rural production relations, rural reconstruction, rurality to rural functions transformation, urban-rural integration, social policy changes, continuous resource management to urban-rural immigration, consumption differences, rural space reproduction, and rural gentrification. The attention and its intensity on diversification research are increasing rapidly, while the research focus and hotspots are constantly updated. The degree of diversified research attention has increased rapidly. (2) In recent years, the research results and influence of developing countries represented by China have been growing rapidly, and the overall research shows a spatial pattern of "Western Europe as the core, North America and Asia as the two wings". (3) Five topics, including rurality, rural function transformation, rural space reproduction, urban-rural immigration, rural gentrification, have dominated the current international rural spatial diversification research. Compared with international research experience, this paper proposed that the future strength can be focused on the theoretical system of rural spatial diversification in China, the process and mechanism analysis, and micro analysis, thereby to provide valuable reference for further research on rural revitalization.