不同栽培方式对烟田土壤及养分流失的影响

为了解不同的栽培方式对山坡地烟叶种植中水土流失和烟田养分流失的影响,在贵州省毕节市黔西县石灰土类型的山坡地,设计了2个不同坡度的田间径流小区试验。结果表明：与地膜覆盖处理相比秸杆覆盖能有效的减少烟田土壤流失量,从而减少养分流失；坡度对土壤流失和养分流失的影响较为显著,较高的种植坡度水土流失量和养分流失量也较大；养分流失与田间土壤流失有相似的规律,磷流失量在不同坡度间的差异较大,钾流失量在不同起垄方式之产差异更明显；横向起垄能有效减小地表径流、田间土壤流失和养分流失,在较低坡度和较高坡度,均起到了良好的保持水土作用。

Effects of different cultivation methods on soil erosion and nutrient loss in tobacco fields

In order to explore the effects of different cultivation methods on soil erosion and nutrient loss of tobacco field in slope fields, we projected 2 field runoff plots experiments with different slop and the limestone soil type field in Qianxi County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. The results showed that straw mulching can effectively prevent soil and nutrient loss compared with plastic film mulching. More nutrient loss in the higher slope field was found, indicated that the slope had a significant effect on soil erosion and nutrient loss. There is a similar law between nutrient loss and soil erosion. There is a similar law between nutrient loss and field soil loss. The difference of phosphorus loss in different slope fields is larger, and potassium loss between different ridging modes is more obvious. Latitude ridging can effectively reduce runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss, and play a good role in soil and water conservation in tobacco planting.