十堰猕猴桃溃疡病病原鉴定及防治试验

由丁香假单孢杆菌猕猴桃致病性变种侵染引起的猕猴桃溃疡病严重影响了各地猕猴桃的生长，为明确鄂西北猕猴桃溃疡病病原形态及生物型，筛选合适的杀菌剂，探索避雨栽培对其病害的控制效果，为防治病害提供科学依据。采用形态学和分子生物学技术鉴定猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌及生物型，使用抑菌圈法筛选15种杀菌剂对其抑制效果，调查避雨栽培和露天不同情况下猕猴桃溃疡病的发病率、病情指数和防治效果。结果表明，通过形态特征、16S rDNA及特异性引物鉴定到的菌株K-2为Psa，生物型为biovar 3。室内毒力测试筛选到7种药剂对猕猴桃溃疡病菌有抑制效果，避雨栽培对猕猴桃溃疡病菌的防治效果可以达到58.06%，通过在避雨栽培下施用50%氯溴异氰尿酸可溶粉剂防治猕猴桃溃疡病，防治效果高达83.87%，说明避雨栽培对猕猴桃溃疡病具有较好的防治效果。

Pathogen Identification of Kiwi Canker Disease and the Control Effect in Shiyan City

Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae (Psa) causes kiwifruit bacterial canker, which seriously influence growth of plants in many areas. To determine the pathogen bacteria morphology and biovars,screen the effective fungicides,explore its control effect of rain-sheltered cultivation, so as to provide the basis for the scientific.?The pathogen bacteria were identified through morphological and molecular biology methods. The inhibition zone method was used to screen 15 kinds of agents on Psa and assess the inhibitory effect. The incidence rate and disease index and control effect of Psa were investigated and compared under rain shelter and outdoor. The results showed that the strain K-2 was identified Psa and biovar 3 using the morphological characteristic and 16S rDNA and specific primer. The toxic effects of 7 kinds of agents have inhibition effect by screening test on Psa. The control effect was 58.06% to Psa under the rain-sheltered cultivation,and reached to 83.87% application of Chloroisobromine-cyanuric-acid 50% SP under the rain-sheltered cultivation. This is said that the rain-sheltered cultivation has control effect on kiwifruit bacterial disease.