青藏高原东缘披针叶黄华叶片形态特征对海拔变化的响应

为揭示青藏高原地区披针叶黄华叶片形态特征对海拔梯度的响应机制,研究了不同海拔梯度对披针叶黄华叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶周长、叶厚、叶干重、比叶重和比叶面积的影响,分析了披针叶黄华叶片形态特征对海拔的响应规律。结果表明:随着海拔的升高,土壤含水量、全氮含量和有机质增加;低海拔地区披针叶黄华的叶厚显著高于高海拔的地区;叶长、叶宽、叶面积和叶周长等表现出随着海拔的升高逐渐降低的变化趋势。海拔与光强、土壤含水量、土壤全氮含量和土壤有机质含量之间极显著正相关(P0.01);叶长、叶面积分别与土壤含水量、pH和土壤有机质含量显著相关(P0.05),主要受土壤pH的影响;叶片厚度与海拔、光强和土壤全氮含量之间显著相关(P0.05),主要受光强影响(R=0.641,P0.05);叶干重与土壤含水量之间呈显著的负相关关系(P0.05),主要受空气温度,尤其是土壤含水量影响(R=0.856,P0.01)。为了适应高海拔地区的土壤和气候特点,披针叶黄华采取了减少叶面积和叶厚度的策略,叶片随着海拔的升高表现出"小型化"的趋势。

Response of leaf morphology traits of Thermopsis lanceolata to elevation gradient in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

In order to reveal the responding mechanism of leaf morphology traits of Thermopsis lanceolata to altitude gradient in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the paper reported the changes of leaf length,leaf width,leaf are-a,leaf perimeter,leaf thickness,leaf dry mass,specific leaf weight and specific leaf area of Thermopsis lanceolata under different altitude gradient,and analyzed the response pattern of leaf morphology traits to altitude gradi-ent.The results showed that soil water content,soil total N content and soil total organic matter increased with altitude increase.The leaf thickness in low altitude was higher than that in high altitude (P <0.05 );the leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and leaf perimeter decreased with the altitude increase.Altitude had significantly correlation with soil water content,pH,total N and total organic matter (P <0.05);the leaf length and leaf area were mainly effected by pH and these had significant correlation with soil water content,pH and total organic matter (P <0.05);Leaf thickness mainly effected by light intensity (R=0.641,P <0.05)and it negatively cor-related with altitude,light intensity and soil total N (P <0.05);the leaf biomass was mainly effected by air tem-perature,especially by soil water content (R=0.856,P <0.01)and it had significantly correlation with soil wa-ter content (P <0.05 ).Thermopsis lanceolata reduced the leaf size and leaf thickness to adapte environment change,the leaf showed miniaturization with the altitude increase.