磷肥与菌肥配施对青藏高原高寒区苜蓿草地生产力的影响

以不施肥为对照,研究了固氮菌肥、磷肥、混合菌肥及磷肥与混合菌肥配施对高寒区紫花苜蓿品种金皇后的生长,品质特性和土壤微生物量的影响。结果表明:不同施肥处理后,土壤微生物量和苜蓿的株高、鲜干重、粗蛋白含量均增加,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量均减少。0~10cm土层的土壤微生物量均高于10~20cm土层。施加25%磷肥+混合菌肥后,粗蛋白含量最高,为20.58%,比对照高出3.72%,与其他施肥处理之间有着显著差异。中性洗涤纤维降低量为1.69%~4.71%,磷肥与混合菌肥配施后的中性洗涤纤维含量低于单施磷肥,高于单施混合菌肥后的含量;酸性洗涤纤维降低量为0.05%~9.98%,磷肥与混合菌肥配施后的ADF含量显著低于单施磷肥或混合菌肥的含量。施加75%磷肥+混合菌肥时,酸性洗涤纤维含量最低。磷肥和混合菌肥配施,土壤微生物量磷含量高于单施磷肥或单施混合菌肥的含量。通过灰色关联度分析得出,不同施肥处理对苜蓿生长品质特性和土壤微生物量的影响次序为:50%磷肥+混合菌肥磷肥25%磷肥+混合菌肥固氮菌肥75%磷肥+混合菌肥混合菌肥CK。

Effects of combined application of phosphate and microbial fertilizer on alfalfa production in cold and arid regions in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Taked alfalfa (Gold Queen)as sample,the paper studied the effect of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer,mixed bacterial fertilizer and mixed phosphate with bacterial fertilizer on the growth and quality of al-falfa and soil microbial biomass in cold and arid regions in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau compared with the treatment without fertilizer.The results showed that soil microbial biomass,height,fresh/dry weight and crude protein content of the alfalfa were all increased after various fertilizer treatments,while the content of NDF and ADF were all decreased.The soil microbial biomass in 0 ~10 cm soil layer were higher than that in 10 ~20 cm soil layer.After applyed 25% phosphate and mixed bacterial fertilizer,the crude protein content could reach 20.58%,which was higher about 3.72% than the contrast,the content of NDF decreased to 1.69%~4.71%.Applied mixture of phosphate and mixed bacterial fertilizer,the content of NDF was lower than single phosphate and higher than single mixed bacterial fertilizer,the content of ADF decreased to 0.05%-9.98%,the content of ADF with mixture phosphate and bacterial fertilizer was significantly lower than that of single phosphate or mixed bacterial fertilizer.After applyed 75% phosphate and mixed bacterial fertilizer,the content of ADF was the low-est.The soil microbial biomass after applied mixed phosphate fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer was significantly higher than that of single phosphate or mixed bacterial fertilizer.Based on gray relational analysis of alfalfa pro-duction and soil microbial biomass,the rank of fertilizer treatments was 50% phosphate fertilizer +mixed bacte-rial fertilizer > phosphate fertilizer >25% phosphate fertilizer+mixed bacterial fertilizer>nitrogen fertilizer >75% phosphate fertilizer + mixed bacterial fertilizer > mixed bacterial fertilizer >CK.