公路规划中野生动物保护对策的探讨

当前国内外关于公路与野生动物关系的研究主要集中在公路设计与运行阶段的影响和保护方面，从公路规划层面考虑的不多。通过总结国内外研究成果得出，公路对野生动物的影响主要表现在野生动物的公路致死、形成道路对野生动物的影响域（简称道路动物影响域）以及野生动物的种群稳定性3个方面。针对这些影响，可以通过调整公路网模式的设计、合理界定道路网密度以及交通量等来弥补野生动物保护措施的不足。提出在我国公路规划阶段即考虑野生动物保护的建议。

Wildlife Protection Countermeasures in Highway Planning

At present, the global research on the relationship between wildlife and highway mainly focus on the impact and protection at the phase of highway design and operation and there are fewer considerations at highway planning level. Based on the summary of domestical and overseas research results, it could be seen that the impact of highway on wildlife is mainly concentrated in three aspects: wildlife road mortality, the impact domain of highways on wildlife (Road-effect-zone of wildlife) and the stability of wildlife populations. To avoid, reduce and mitigate these effects, it is supposed to enhance wildlife protection by adjusting the design of highway network model, reasonable qualification of road network density and traffic volume and other measures. Finally, it was proposed to protect wildlife conservation at highway planning stage.