灰色理论关于滴灌加工番茄生理特性在盐化土中的应用

为了研究土壤盐碱胁迫对加工番茄生理及水肥利用效率的影响,运用灰色关联理论,研究各生理指标间及其与产量间的联系,寻找种植加工番茄适宜的土壤盐分含量范围.采用桶栽试验,人工配制4种不同处理的盐分含量土壤:非盐碱土壤(CK)、轻度盐碱土壤(S1)、中度盐碱土壤(S2),重度盐碱土壤(S3),盐分质量比分别为1.5,4.0,7.0,10.0 g/kg.结果表明,与处理CK相比,处理S1对加工番茄各生理指标及水肥利用效率基本无抑制现象,一定程度上提高了加工番茄的光电子传递效率和光合能力,水分利用效率与CK持平,氮肥偏生产力提高了3.85%,增产1.28%;处理S2和S3较CK抑制情况显著,光合荧光参数均有不同程度下降,胞间CO₂浓度和非光化学淬灭量子产量在生育中后期大幅上升,且处理S3抑制现象最为显著,水肥利用效率较CK显著降低了52.27%和50.00%,加工番茄减产率达到51.91%;处理S2和S3较CK和S1的生育进程加快,生理指标提前达到全生育期最大值;加工番茄的产量与净光合速率P_n,蒸腾速率T_r和非光化学猝灭系数NPQ有着很高的关联度,结合以上3个参数的生理变化规律,可以得出适宜加工番茄种植的土壤盐分质量比的范围为1.5~4.0 g/kg.

Application of grey theory on the physiological characteristics of drip irrigation processing tomato in salinized soil

To investigate the effects of saline-alkali stress on photosynthetic physiology and water and fertilizer-use efficiency of processing tomato, the grey correlation theory was used to study the relationship between physiological indexes and yield and to determine the favorable range of saline content for processing tomato. The soil used was artificially prepared with four kinds of salt contents: non saline alkali soil(CK),mild saline alkali soil(S1), moderate saline alkali soil(S2), and severe saline alkali soli(S3). The salt mass ratio was 1.5,4.0,7.0 and 10.0 g/kg,respectively. The results showed that compared with CK treatment, S1 treatment had no inhibition on the physiological indexes and fertilizer-water efficiency of processing tomato. To a certain extent, S1 treatment improved the photoelectron transfer efficiency and photosynthetic capacity of processing tomato. Water use efficiency was equal to that of CK, and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 3.85%, and the yield increased by 1.28%. The S2 and S3 treatments were significantly more stable than that of CK. The photosynthetic fluorescence parameters decreased to different extents. Intercellular CO₂ concentration and the maximum photoche-mical efficiency of PSⅡ increased significantly during the middle and late growth stages. The S3 treatment inhibition phenomenon was the most significant. Compared with CK, the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of treatment S3 decreased by 52.27% and 50.00%, and the yield reduction rate of processing tomato was 51.91%. The growth process of S2 and S3 treatments were faster than that of CK and S1 treatment, and the physiological indicators reached the maximum in the whole growth period in advance. The results showed that the yield of processing tomato was highly correlated with net photochemic rate(P_n),transpiration rate(T_r)and non photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ). Combined with the physiological rules of the above three parameters, it can be concluded that the soil salt mass content suitable for processing tomato was 1.5-4.0 g/kg.