潜水推流器作用下八边形养殖池的集污性能

为了探究潜水推流器作用下八边形养殖池内的污物聚集特点，本研究利用物理模型试验的方法，研究潜水推流器不同的布设角度θ、布设距离比d/a (中垂线模式：d1为推流器叶轮轴线中点与最近的池壁之间的距离，a1为八边形养殖池长边边长；对角线模式：d2为推流器叶轮轴线中点与最近的短边边长之间的距离，a2为八边形养殖池排污口与最近的短边边长之间的距离)、推流器数量n和布设模式对八边形养殖池内污物聚集的影响。试验利用高清相机记录养殖池内的污物分布情况，并使用MATLAB分析计算污物与池中心的距离。实验中通过比较不同工况下污物与池中心距离的最大值的大小，衡量养殖池集污性能的优劣。结果显示，潜水推流器的布设角度θ、布设距离比d/a、推流器数量n以及布设模式都影响池内污物聚集的效果。在本研究设置的布设距离比工况下，潜水推流器布设角度θ为45°时集污效果最优，而当布设角度θ大于70°时，随着布设角度增加，八边形养殖池周边出现集污死角，残饵及粪便距离排污口中心变远且饲料离散程度变大；在30°、40°、45°、50°工况下，污物聚集效果随布设距离比d/a的增大逐渐增强，当布设距离比为1/2时集污效果最好。养殖池集污性能随潜水推流器数量的增加而整体呈现增强的趋势，尤其是潜水推流器数量从1增加至2时，集污性能明显提升，但是持续增加后，集污性能不再有明显的提升。其余设置条件相同的情况下，对角线布设模式下的养殖池集污性能明显优于中垂线布设模式。研究表明，潜水推流器采取对角线模式，布设时不少于2个，布设角度θ为45°附近，此时八边形养殖池集污性能较优。研究结果可为八边形养殖池内潜水推流器的布设方式提供依据与指导。

Waste collection performance of the octagonal aquaculture tank driven by submersible flow propellers

In order to explore the characteristics of waste collection in the octagonal aquaculture tank under the action of submersible flow propellers, this paper uses the method of physical model test to study the different deployment angle θ and the installation distance ratio d/a of the submersible flow propellers (the perpendicular bisector pattern: d1 is the distance between the midpoint of the impeller axis of the propeller and the nearest tank wall, a1 is the length of the long side of the octagonal culture tank; the diagonal pattern: d2 is the midpoint of the impeller axis of the propeller and the nearest short side, a2 is the distance between the sewage outlet of the octagonal aquaculture tank and the nearest short side), the number of flow propellers n and the influence of the layout mode on the collection of waste in the octagonal aquaculture tank. In the experiment, a high-definition camera was used to record the distribution of waste in the culture tank, and MATLAB was used to analyze and calculate the distance between the waste and the center of the tank. In the test, by comparing the maximum value of the distance between the waste and the center of the tank under different working conditions, the pros and cons of the waste collection performance of the aquaculture tank were measured. The results show that the deployment angle θ of the submersible flow propeller, the installation distance ratio d/a, the number of flow propellers n and the arrangement mode all affected the effect of the accumulation of waste in the aquaculture tank; when the deployment angle θ of the device was 45°, the waste collection effect was the best, and when the deployment angle θ was greater than 70°, with the increase of the layout angle, there would be dead corners of waste collection around the octagonal aquaculture tank, the distance between the residual bait and the feces from the center of the sewage outlet increased, and the degree of feed dispersion also become larger; under the working conditions of 30°, 40°, 45°, and 50°, the effect of waste accumulation gradually increased with the increase of the installation distance ratio d/a. When the installation distance ratio is 1/2, the waste collection effect is the best. The waste collection performance of the aquaculture tank increased with the increase of the number of submersible flow propellers, especially when the number of submersible flow propellers increased from 1 to 2. However, after the continuous increase, the waste collection performance was no longer significantly improved. Under equal conditions, the waste collection performance of the aquaculture tank in the diagonal layout mode was obviously better than that in the perpendicular layout mode. The research results can provide basis and guidance for the layout of submersible flow propellers in octagonal aquaculture tanks.