| Messages from Powdery Mildew DNA： How the Interplay with a Host Moulds Pathogen Genomes |
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| 基金项目： | In summary, it appears that the structure of the ge-nome (size inflation, abundance of the repetitive DNA originating from retro-transposition) and gene loss (eventually leading to obligate biotrophy) were prices paid by the mildews to increase variation useful in their continuing struggle in an evolutionary battlefield represented by ever changing host immunity. |
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| 摘 要： | The genomes of the barley, Arabidopsis and pea powdery mildew are significantly larger than those of related fungi. This is due to an extraordinary expansion of retro-trasposons that are evident as repetitive elements in the sequence. The protein coding genes are fewer than expected due to an overall reduction in the size of gene families, a reduction in the number of paralogs and because of the loss of certain metabolic pathways. Many of these changes have also been observed in the genomes of other taxonomically unrelated obligate biotrophic pathogens. The only group of genes that bucks the trend of gene loss, are those encoding small secreted proteins that bear the hall marks of effectors.
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| 关 键 词： | 病毒基因组 白粉病 DNA信息 互相作用 病原体 模具 主机 编码基因 |
| 收稿时间： | 9 July 2013 |
Messages from Powdery Mildew DNA: How the Interplay with a Host Moulds Pathogen Genomes |
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| Authors: | Pietro D Spanu |
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| Institution: | Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | The genomes of the barley, Arabidopsis and pea powdery mildew are significantly larger than those of related fungi. This is due to an extraordinary expansion of retro-trasposons that are evident as repetitive elements in the sequence. The protein coding genes are fewer than expected due to an overall reduction in the size of gene families, a reduction in the number of paralogs and because of the loss of certain metabolic pathways. Many of these changes have also been observed in the genomes of other taxonomically unrelated obligate biotrophic pathogens. The only group of genes that bucks the trend of gene loss, are those encoding small secreted proteins that bear the hall marks of effectors. |
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| Keywords: | barley powdery mildew genome effectors |
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