基于3S技术的人工湿地污灌前后土地利用类型动态变化规律

[目的]研究基于3S技术的人工湿地污灌前后土地利用类型动态变化规律。[方法]考察了2001～2010年吉林省西部干旱与半干旱交错地带人工湿地经含油废水灌溉后,含油废水补给量与人工湿地区域生态需水量的供需平衡,并结合3S技术,分析了2001、2006、2008和2010年含油废水灌溉人工湿地区域前后,人工湿地区域及周边地区的土地利用类型划分和动态变化。[结果]2003～2010年人工湿地区域的生态需水量为1.62×106～2.24×106m3,而区域内含油废水补给量为2.12×106～2.84×106m3,含油废水排放总量能够满足人工湿地区域生态需水量的需求,同时发现2010年人工湿地区域及周边地区水域面积和水田面积较2001年分别增加了2.3倍和10倍,林地、沼泽面积增加了40.15%和29.50%。[结论]含油废水灌溉人工湿地措施有效缓解了干旱与半干旱交错地带的缺水及生态环境问题。

Dynamic Variation of Land-use Types of the Constructed Wetland before and after Oil-field Water Irrigation Based on 3S Technology

[Objective]The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology.[Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in the west of Jilin Province,water resource balance between the amount of oil-field water supply and ecological water requirement in the constructed wetland irrigated by oil-field water during 2001-2010 was investigated firstly.Afterwards,based on 3S technology,the partition and dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation in 2001,2006,2008 and 2010 were analyzed.[Result] The annual amount of ecological water requirement in the constructed wetland from 2003 to 2010 varied from 1.62 million to 2.24 million m3,and the annual amount of oil-field water supply in the region changed from 2.12 million to 2.84 million m3,which showed that the discharge amount of oil-field water can meet the basic ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland.Meanwhile,compared with 2001,the areas of water region and paddy field in 2010 were increased by 2.3 and 10.0 times,and the areas of forest and marsh increased by 40.15% and 29.50% respectively.[Conclusion] Water shortage and ecological environment problem of arid and semi-arid areas had been improved through using oil-field water to irrigate constructed wetlands.