内蒙古自治区牧民收支情况分析——以锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗为例

基于对内蒙古锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗牧民家庭的入户调查数据,分析了2008、2009年西部地区牧民家庭的收入与消费结构。结果表明:牧民收入来源单一,以家畜出售为主,抗风险能力差;消费支出中饲草料购置比重最大,且增长迅速,其次是食品、教育、医疗等支出,住房方面政策补贴较多。牧民的收入与消费特点是由自然因素、市场因素、政策因素和自身因素共同决定的,基于此,提出了牧民提高收入、改善消费结构的对策建议:牧民要提高养殖技术,科学养殖,增加收入,且要转变消费观念,适度储蓄,增强抗风险能力;政府要加大对牧区的财政补贴力度,加强对牧民的教育、培训和医疗保健投入,提高牧民素质。

Income and Expenditure of the Herdsman in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Based on the household survey data concerning herdsmen’s families in Xianghuang Banner,Xilin Gol League,Inner Mongolia,we analyze the income and consumption structure of herdsmen’s families in the western regions during the period 2008-2009.The results show that the herdsman’s source of income is single,mainly focusing on livestock sale,with poor ability to resist risks;the share of purchase expenses of forage in the consumer spending is the greatest,growing rapidly,followed by spending on food,education and health care;there are many policy subsidies for housing.The characteristics of herdsman’s income and consumption are jointly determined by natural factors,market factors,policy factors and personal factors.Based on this,corresponding recommendations are put forth in order to increase herdsman’s income and improve the consumption structure: the herdsman should strengthen breeding techniques to improve scientific breeding and increase income,change consumer attitudes,save moderately,and strengthen ability to resist risks;the government should increase the policy subsidies for pastoral areas,strengthen education,training,health care for herdsman,and promote herdsman’s quality.