河南省小麦干热风气候特征及其对小麦产量的影响

[目的]分析河南省小麦干热风的气候特征,并对干热风对小麦产量的影响进行研究。[方法]利用河南省安阳市、郑州市和信阳市1951～2009年的相关资料分析干热风的变化特征,利用安阳市2003～2009年的冬小麦产量资料和气象资料分析干热风对小麦产量的影响。[结果]安阳市和郑州市为干热风发生的重灾区,信阳市受到干热风的影响较小;干热风主要发生在每年的4～10月,尤其集中发生在5月中旬到6月下旬。小麦干热风日数与气象产量呈显著负相关,干热风日的平均温度、风速及最高温度与小麦的气象千粒重呈显著负相关。[结论]该研究为河南省小麦干热风的防御提供了一定的参考。

Climatic Features of Dry-hot Wind and Its Influence on the Wheat Yield in Henan Province

[Objective] The aim was to analyze climatic features of dry-hot wind in Henan Province,and study influence of dry-hot wind on the wheat yield.[Method]The variation characteristics of dry-hot wind were analyzed by using the meteorological datas of Anyang,Zhengzhou and Xinyang in the years from 1951 to 2009.Effects of dry-hot wind on the wheat yield were analyzed by using the wheat yield and meteorological datas of Anyang from 2003 to 2009.[Result]The results showed that the dry-hot wind was serious in Anyang and Zhengzhou,but seldom happened in Xinyang.The dry-hot wind mainly happened from April to October,especially from the middle May to the late June.The numbers of dry-hot wind day had significantly negative correlation with wheat meteorological yield,and the average temperature,average wind speed and maximum temperature of a dry-hot wind day had significantly negative correlation with wheat 1 000-grain weight.[Conclusion] The study provides a reference for the defense of dry-hot wind of wheat in Henan Province.