小麦-玉米种植制度资源高效利用研究进展

提高粮食作物产量是缓解粮食供求矛盾的主要途径,而高效利用现有资源又是提高粮食产量的必然选择。为了挖掘我国两大粮食作物小麦和玉米的产量潜力,目前,很多学者的研究都致力于从种植制度层面通过提高光热水资源的利用效率来提高其产量。提高小麦-玉米光温资源利用效率的途径主要有两个方面:一是延长作物受光时间,二是增加作物受光面积。提高小麦-玉米水资源利用效率的途径主要是选择适宜品种、采取农艺节水策略和减少水分蒸发3个方面。

Research Progress in the Wheat-Corn Cropping System and High-efficient Use of Resources

The main approach of mitigating the shortage of food crop is to increase its yield.To increase the yield of food crop,we must pay enough attention to the efficient use of available resources.In order to exploit the yield potential of wheat and corn,a large proportion of researchers have devoted themselves to the way of increasing the utilization efficiency of light,temperature and water resources.The utilization efficiency of sunlight and temperature resources was improved mainly by extending the light-exposure time and area,while that of water resources was increased mainly by selecting suitable varieties,adopting water-saving measures and decreasing water evaporation.