磷钾肥施用对水稻产量与经济效益的影响

[目的]研究磷钾肥施用对水稻产量、经济效益的影响。[方法]采用田间试验,设置N2K2+P0、N2K2+P1、N2K2+P2(N2P2+K2)、N2K2+P3、N2P2+K0、N2P2+K1、N2P2+K3共7个处理,调查水稻有效分蘖、粒数以及实测产量、经济效益。[结果]磷钾肥施用能够增加水稻的有效穗、总粒数、实粒数,降低稻谷的空瘪率。N2K2+P1、N2K2+P2、N2K2+P3处理的水稻总产量分别比不施磷增加6.5%、5.2%、4.4%,而钾肥施用的水稻总产量与不施钾基本相当。磷肥施用可以增加水稻的经济效益,而钾肥施用对水稻的经济效益影响较小。[结论]磷钾肥施用可以提高水稻产量,但在丘陵地区施肥时需合理控制磷钾肥用量。

Effect of P and K Fertilizer Application on Yield and Economic Benefits of Rice

[Objective] To study the effect of P and K fertilizer application on the yield and economic benefits of rice.[Method] A field trial was conducted to investigate the effective tillering,grains of rice,rice yield and economic benefits under the seven treatments of N2K2+P0,N2K2+P1,N2K2+P2(N2P2+K2),N2K2+P3,N2P2+K0,N2P2+K1 and N2P2+K3.[Result] The P and K fertilizer application increased the effective tillering,total and effective grains of rice,and reduced the proportion of flat rice.The rice yield with the N2K2+P1,N2K2+P2 and N2K2+P3 treatments were 6.5%,5.2% and 4.4% higher than that in N2K2+P0 treatment,but the rice yield in K fertilizer applied was the same to that in the N2P2+K0 treatment.P fertilizer also increased the economic benefits of rice,but the influence of K fertilizer was less.[Conclusion] P and K fertilizer could increase the yield of rice,but their application amount should be reasonably controlled in the hilly areas.