低温环境下水稻秸秆与牛粪混合堆肥效果研究

[目的]实现低温季节水稻秸秆和牛粪的资源化利用。[方法]以25%水稻秸秆+75%牛粪作为对照(CK),设置25%水稻秸秆+75%牛粪+5‰低温发酵剂、35%水稻秸秆+65%牛粪+5‰低温发酵剂2个处理,分别进行堆肥,研究低温发酵剂及不同水稻秸秆用量对堆肥效果的影响。[结果]25%水稻秸秆+75%牛粪+5‰低温发酵剂、35%水稻秸秆+65%牛粪+5‰低温发酵剂处理的高温期持续7和8 d,高温持续时间长。CK堆温始终未进入高温期。堆肥结束时,25%水稻秸秆+75%牛粪+5‰低温发酵剂、35%水稻秸秆+65%牛粪+5‰低温发酵剂处理和CK的有机质含量分别较初始降低了31.72、30.54和14.10个百分点,粗纤维降低了32.44、33.09和15.00个百分点。经方差分析,水稻秸秆用量为25%~35%时,有机质及粗纤维降解率差异不显著,而对照与2个处理间差异达到极显著水平(P0.01)。[结论]低温发酵剂可促使堆体升温,加快有机质及粗纤维的降解。

Effects of Mix Compost with Rice Straw and Cow Dung under Low Environment

Objective] To realize the resource utilization rice straw and cow dung under low environment.[Method] With 25%rice straw +75% cow dung as the control ( CK) , two treatments were designed, which were 25% rice straw +75% cow dung +5‰ low temperature complex microbial agent, and 35% rice straw +65% cow dung +5‰ low temperature complex microbial agent.After compost, effects of low temperature complex microbial agent and rice straw dosage on compost were researched.[Result] Two treatments (25% rice straw +75% cow dung +5‰ low temperature complex microbial agent, and 35% rice straw +65% cow dung +5‰ low temperature complex mi-crobial agent) had high temperature for 7 and 8 d, respectively, which were relatively long.However, heap temperature of the control did not have high temperature period.At the end of compost, organic matter contents in 25% rice straw +75% cow dung +5‰ low temperature complex microbial agent, 35% rice straw +65% cow dung +5‰ low temperature complex microbial agent and the control reduced by 31.72, 30.54 and 14.10 percentage points, respectively, compared with the initial values.And crude fibers reduced by 32.44, 33.09 and 15.00 percentage points.Variance analysis showed that when the dosage of rice straw was between 25%-35%, degradation rates of organic matter and crude fiber showed no significant differences; while differences between control and treatments reached extremely significantly lev-el.[ Conclusion] Low temperature complex microbial agent promotes the temperature increase of compost, and accelerates the degradation of organic matter and crude fiber.