沙漠地区高速公路综合防沙体系研究--以营双高速公路八步沙段为例

在野外调查和试验研究的基础上进行试验示范段建设,针对营双公路边坡类型划分出边坡风沙的危害等级与标准。结果表明:营双高速公路全线有4种地貌类型:低山丘陵、中低山丘陵、绿洲和风沙化土地,前3种类型风沙活动对公路影响小,风沙化土地类型风沙活动对公路影响大;将对公路运营影响大的风沙化地段的边坡根据原有地形、地貌特征和开挖、填方强度划分为丘间低地或缓平沙地(填方)、挖方型边坡。将不同类型边坡对公路危害大小划分为危害严重、危害中度和危害轻3个等级,并针对不同危害等级提出不同固沙防沙体系和模式,建立相应的示范区;示范区经过半年风沙考验,各种防护体系具有一定作用,人工植被成功越冬、先锋植物在防护区定居生根,植被盖度、蚀积量均有所增加。

Study on the Sediment Control System around the Highways in the Desert Areas---A Case Study of Babusha Section of Yingshuang Highway

Based on the field survey,experiments and construction of project,we figured out the types of the side slopes and the degrees of sand hazard.The results were as follows:there are four geomorphic types around the Yingshuang highways:low mountains and hills,middle and low mountains and hills,oasis and windy and sandy lands.The wind-sand activities of the former three geomorphic types have little influence on the highways,while the last geomorphic type has an great influence on the highways.The side slopes that have great influence on the highways were divided into interdunal depressions and excavation slopes according to the characteristics of the landforms and mining intensity.The degrees of the damages can be divided into great,middle and low levels.We proposed the systems and models for different damage degrees,and built the demon-stration areas.After half a year,all kinds of protection systems played roles,artifiticial vegetations were still alive through the winter and the van-guard plants were all settled down.Vegetation coverage and corrosion both increased.