基于水足迹理论的水电站水资源利用评价

为了从资源的角度分析水电开发利用的水资源消耗情况,将水足迹的概念应用到水电开发上,从我国不同水电站的蓝水足迹、不同地区蓝水足迹、相同发电量的水电站的蓝水足迹3个方面,进行了水足迹理论在水电站利用水资源中的应用研究。结果表明:我国水电站蓝水足迹分布不均,区域性对水电站蓝水足迹的影响明显。最后提出建设水电站或现有水电大坝在很大程度上要以蓝水足迹作为衡量标准,应在多山、蒸发量小、地形狭窄、水库面积小的高山峡谷地区建设水电站,以有效利用落水差,减少蒸发,节约水资源。

Evaluation of Water Resources Utilization of Hydropower Station Based on Water Footprint Theory

Water resources consumption situation of hydropower development and utilization was analyzed from the aspect of resources.The concept of water footprint was applied in the development of hydropower.Application of water footprint theory in water resources of hydropower station was researched from the three aspects of blue water footprints in hydropower station, blue water footprints in different areas, blue water footprint of hydropower station with the same generated energy. Results showed that blue water footprints in hydropower station of China were unevenly distributed.Region had significant impacts on the blue water footprints.Finally, constructing hydropower station or current hydro-power station should take blue water footprint as the yard stick.Hydropower station should be established in mountain valleys with many mountains, small evaporation capacity, narrow topography, and small water reservoir area, which could effectively reduce evaporation and save water resource consumption.