自然低温下秋石斛田间耐寒性评价

[目的]了解不同秋石斛品种在低温灾害中的耐寒性表现。[方法]在2016年初的海南严重低温天气造成海南秋石斛严重低温伤害的情况下,对东方市迦南兰花种植农民专业合作社圃地秋石斛25个成苗品种、8个幼苗品种进行了寒害调查。[结果]成苗中的水晶宝宝、玉翡翠、水晶、秋石斛1号、秋石斛2号、金如意和纯绿花的黄叶率、落叶率及落花率均较低,耐寒性较强,而秋石斛41号、秋石斛709号、秋石斛513号和秋石斛699号的耐寒性较差,受低温伤害严重,黄叶率、落叶率和落花率均较高。幼苗中,水蜜桃、秋石斛5号和红霞的黄叶率及落叶率较低,耐寒性较强,而纯绿花和三亚阳光的耐寒性较差。[结论]试验结果为耐寒秋石斛品种筛选和亲本选配提供了理论依据。

Evaluation on Cold Resistance of Dendrobium in the Field under Natural Low Temperature

Objective] To research the cold resistance performance of Dendrobium under low temperature disaster.[Method] In early 2016, the severe cold weather of Hainan caused the serious injury of Dendrobium.In that case, we investigated 25 adult seedlings and 8 seedlings of cold damage in Dongfang Jianan Orchid Planting Farmers'Professional Cooperative.[ Result] In adults seedlings, the cold tolerance of Den. Sripratum ‘delight’, Den.‘Burana Jade’, Den.‘Burana Crystal’, Den.‘1#’,Den.‘2#’, Den.‘Thongchai Gold’ and Den.‘Burana Green’ showed higher cold resistance, but had lower yellow leaf rate, defoliation rate, and drop flowers rate.However, Den.‘41#’, Den‘709#’, Den.‘513#’, Den.‘699#’ showed lower cold resistance, but higher lower yellow leaf rate, defoliation rate, and drop flowers rate. As for seedlings, the cold tolerance of Den.'Sirin Peach', Den.’5#’, and Den.‘Rinabha-Jaq.Concer’ were higher, but their the yellow leaf rate, defoliation rate, and drop flowers rate were a bit lower.However, the cold tolerance of Den.‘Burana Green’, Den.‘SanyaBrown’ was lower.[ Conclusion] This research provides theoretical foundation for the variety screening and parent selection of cold-tolerance Dendrobium.