贵州省丹寨县茶叶气候适宜性研究

利用丹寨县1981~2010年气温、降水、空气相对湿度、天空总云量以及雾出现日数等气象观测资料,从丹寨县茶叶生产的气候适宜条件、茶叶生产期内主要的气象灾害入手,归纳出丹寨生产优质茶叶的气象指标,分析丹寨优质茶叶的气候特征。结果表明,丹寨县茶树生长的光热资源丰富,水分条件适宜,光热水匹配良好,气候优势明显;多云雾天气,干旱、洪涝灾害、高温热害、低温冻害等灾害较轻,且生态环境保护好,无大型化工企业污染,有利于优质茶叶的生产。主要不利气候是夏季伏旱,但伏旱的影响相较于我国东部沿海茶叶生产区较轻。

Study on Climatic Suitability of Tea in Danzhai County in Guizhou Province

By using the meteorological observation data such as temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, total cloud and foggy days in Danzhai County during 1981-2010, starting from climatic conditions of tea production, main meteorological disasters in tea production peri-od, meteorological indicators for producing high quality tea in Danzhai were summarized and climate characters were analyzed.The results showed that the solar-thermal resources are rich, the moisture condition is appropriate, there are obvious climate advantages for tea growth in Danzhai County;drought, flood disaster, high temperature heat damage, low temperature freeze injury and other disasters were lighter, protec-tion of eco-environment was good, there was no pollution from large-scale chemical enterprises, which are conductive to the production of high-quality tea.The major adverse climate was summer drought, but the influence of summer drought was lighter compared with tea produc-tion area in eastern coast of China.