水稻镉积累的生理学和分子生物学机理研究进展

深入了解水稻镉积累的生理学和分子生物学机制,有助于为制订稻米镉污染防控技术提供理论参考。概述了水稻镉吸收的影响因素及镉在水稻中的分布特征,介绍了水稻根部和地上部不同部位镉积累的生理学机制,综述了水稻镉积累有关的基因、数量性状位点(QTL)和微小核糖核酸(miRNAs)的研究进展。指出通过培育和推广镉低积累特性的水稻品种,是降低大米镉含量最经济有效的方法;并就通过分子标记辅助选择技术培育镉低积累特性的水稻两用核不育系的途径和技术展开了讨论。

Research Progress of Physiology and Molecular Mechanisms of Cadmium Accumulation in Rice

To understand the physiology and molecular mechanism of cadmium accumulation in rice is helpful to provide theoretical reference for the technology development of Cd pollution control of rice.The characteristics of Cd uptake by rice and its influence factors were outlined in this research.The physiological mechanism of cadmium accumulation both in rice roots and the ground-upper part was introduced.Research progress of genes, QTLs and miRNAs related to rice Cd accumulation were summarized.It was pointed out that to bred rice varieties with low Cd accumulation was the most economical and effective method to control rice cadmium pollution.The methods and technologies to bred dual-purpose genic male sterile rice with low Cd accumulation by molecular marker assisted selection were discussed.