11种植物提取物对4种病原细菌的抑菌活性筛选

采用琼脂扩散法初步测试11种植物提取物对魔芋软腐病菌(Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora)、猕猴桃溃疡病菌(Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae)、白菜软腐病菌(Erwinia carotorora)、核桃细菌性黑斑病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.juglandis)4种病原细菌的抑制活性,进一步采用二倍稀释法测定高抑菌活性物质的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),旨在为植物源杀细菌剂的研发提供线索。测定结果表明,1 000 μg/mL剂量下,大黄、博落回和狼毒提取物对魔芋软腐病菌具有较强抑制活性,对猕猴桃溃疡病菌抑制作用最好的是博落回和大黄提取物,对核桃黑斑抑菌效果最好的是蛇床提取物,均优于或相当于农用链霉素200 μg/mL的效果;二倍稀释法测试表明,大黄和博落回提取物对魔芋软腐病菌的MIC值分别为7.8、15.6 μg/mL;大黄和博落回提取物对猕猴桃溃疡病菌的MIC值分别为3.9、15.6 μg/mL。说明大黄、博落回和狼毒提取物均具有显著抑制植物病原细菌的活性,有开发为新型植物源杀细菌剂的潜力。

Screening of Antibacterial Activities of 11 Plant Extracts Against Four Pathogenic Bacteria

The study measured the antibacterial activity of 11 plant extracts on four bacterial pathogens like Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, Erwinia carotorora, and Xanthomonas campestrispv.juglandis to provide clues for the development of new bactericides by agar diffusion method. Double broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results obtained by the agar diffusion method showed that the extracts of sanguinarine, emodin and chamaejasmine had a relatively good inhibitory effect on E. carotovora pv. carotovora, and the extracts of emodin and chamaejasmine revealed a notable inhibitory effect on P. syringae pv. actinidiae, and the osthole extract could inhibit X. campestris pv. juglandis effectively, at the concentration of 1 000μg/mL, and the effect was superior or comparable to streptomycin at 200 μg/mL. Results of the determination of MIC displayed that MIC value of the extract of emodin and sanguinarine on E. carotovora pv. carotovora was 7.8 μg/mL and 15.6 μg/mL. The MIC value of the extract of emodin and chamaejasmine on P. syringae pv. actinidiae was 3.9 μg/mL and 15.6 μg/mL. The extracts of sanguinarine, emodin and chamaejasmine had an apparent antibacterial activity, which could be developed as new botanical bactericides.