三大棉种对棉花主要病害抗性研究

1633个陆地棉、海岛棉、中棉三大棉种的品种资源和42个生产上推广应用的陆地棉品种,在田间病圃和温室接菌,进行对枯萎病、黄萎病、苗病、铃病的抗病性鉴定。结果表明,中棉对枯萎病、苗病,铃病均有较高的抗病能力,但对黄萎病抗性较差;海岛棉对黄萎病有很高的抗病能力,但对枯萎病、苗病、铃病抗性均较差;陆地棉对棉花4种主要病害的抗病性能高于海岛棉,但低于中棉。经生物统计分析,仅发现陆地棉抗枯萎病与抗苗病之间存在显著的正相关关系。推荐中棉12、陕1155、86-2、86-3、冀合3016五个兼抗枯、黄萎病,并对苗病、铃病也有一定耐病性的品种,供各地多抗育种选用。

STUDY ON RESISTANCE OF THREE COTTON SPECIES TO MAIN COTTON DISEASES

1633 germplasm sources of Upland,Island and Asiatic cotton and42 Upland cotton cultivars were identified in diseased nurseries andgreenhouse by means of inoculation for their resistance to Fusariumand Verticillium wilts,seedling and boll diseases.Results indicatedthat all of the Asiatic cotton cultivars were highily resistant to Fusar-ium wilt,moderately resistant to seedling and boll diseases,but noneof them showed resistance to Verticillium wilt.Cultivars of Islandcotton showed high resistance to Verticillium wilt,but susceptibilityto Fusarium wilt,seedling and boll diseases.Cultivars of Upland cot-ton appeared to be moderately resistant to the 4 diseases i.e.theirresistance is higher that of Island cotton but lower than that of Asia-tic cotton.Based on statistical analysis,singnificant positive correlation wasfound only between resistance to Fusarium wilt and seedling diseases.Cultivars Zhong 12,Shah 1155,86-2,86-3 and Jihe 3016 are rec-ommended as resistant germplasm for multi-resistance breeding.