Influence of water management, application timing and temperature on efficacy of MTB-951, a mycoherbicide using Drechslera monoceras to control Echinochloa crus-galli L. |
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Authors: | KANGETSU HIRASE SATOSHI YOSHIGAI MAKOTO NISHIDA KAZUNORI TAKANAKA TATSUO SHINMI |
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Institution: | Functional Chemicals Laboratory, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Chiba and; Agrochemicals Division, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | MTB-951 is a potential mycoherbicide using a fungal plant pathogen ( Drechslera monoceras ) isolated from native Echinochloa species in Japan. Conidia of this pathogen were used as the active ingredient and its herbicidal performance was examined in a greenhouse. The efficacy of MTB-951 on Echinochloa crus-galli L. was higher in deep water (7–9 cm) than in relatively shallow water (3–5 cm). In a postemergence application, the efficacy decreased as the leaf stage of E. crus-galli proceeded between the 1 and 2.5 leaf stage. For example, the control ratio (%) of E. crus-galli was 95% when applied at the 1 leaf stage, and 72% at the 2.5 leaf stage in 5 cm water. Generally, mycoherbicidal efficacy was less when applied pre-emergence rather than postemergence. Efficacy was also influenced by the duration of submergence in deep water. For example, when water depth was kept at 5 cm for more than 7 days after application and then decreased down to 3 cm, the efficacy was high. However, when the water depth was kept at 5 cm for less than 7 days, the efficacy was low. Efficacy was lower under high temperatures (35°C/25°C, day/night) than under low temperatures (25°C/15°C, day/night). Water management, application timing and temperature are important factors on herbicidal efficacy of MTB-951 to control E. crus-galli . |
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Keywords: | application timing biological control Echinochloa crus-galli MTB-951 mycoherbicide water depth |
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