新型玉米秸秆切碎机设计及动刀片磨损试验研究

为减少玉米秸秆加工过程中水分流失,以及满足鹅类等畜禽所需饲料粒度小的要求,设计了一种采用三维切割方式的玉米秸秆切碎机。介绍了切碎机主要结构和设计参数,对切割前、后的青玉米秸秆进行了水分测试、饲料粒度分析,并对动刀片进行了磨损性能测试。结果表明:切割后秸秆水分损失率约为31.9%,饲料颗粒的三维尺寸为8~10 mm的颗粒约占78%,切碎机的实际生产率与理论生产率基本接近;动刀片磨损过程大致分为线磨损率分别呈高速磨损、减速磨损和稳定磨损3个阶段。在每一磨损阶段,第一组、第二组、第三组刀片的线磨损量和线磨损率均呈递减趋势。

Design of a New Chopper for Corn Stalk and Wear Test of Its Moving Knives

Much of moisture and nutrient ingredients were lost when corn stalk was chopped, and forage granularity was relatively small for livestock and poultry such as goose.On this basis, a new chopper for corn stalk was designed, in which three dimension cutting was used. In this paper,structure and parameters of the chopper were presented.Water content ofgreen corn stalk was measured, forage granularity was analyzed and wear test of  moving knives of the chopperwas carried out. The results showed that water loss ratio of the green corn
 stalk was about 319％, three dimensional granularity of about 78％ forage grains was between 8　mm and 10　mm, and factual productivity of the chopper was close to its theoretical one. The wearing process of the moving kn
ives of the chopper included accelerated wear, decelerated wear and stabiliz
ed wear stages. The linear wear ratio of the moving knives increased substan
tially, decreased and kept steady with the time in the three stages, respectivel
y. In every stage, the linear wear loss and linear wear ratio of the first group
 knives were greater than those of the second group, and those of the second g
roup were greater than those of the third group.