生物炭用量与灌水量对北疆灌区春小麦籽粒产量和品质综合评价

为探讨生物炭与灌水对春小麦产量和品质的综合效应，以北疆灌区春小麦为研究对象，通过随机区组试验，设置3个灌水量4 500 m³·hm^-2(W0)、4 050 m³·hm^-2(W1)和3 600 m³·hm^-2(W2)]和3个生物炭施用量0 t·hm^-2(B0)、10 t·hm^-2(B1)和20 t·hm^-2(B2)]水平，比较分析了不同生物炭用量与灌水量组合条件下春小麦干物质累积、产量和籽粒蛋白质含量等品质指标的差异，并运用基于熵值的DTOPSIS法进行综合效应评价。结果表明，不同灌水量条件下施用生物炭对春小麦干物质累积量影响均不显著，但可提升籽粒品质，灌水量和生物炭的交互作用对春小麦籽粒品质与产量的影响显著。在W0条件下春小麦籽粒蛋白含量随生物炭用量增加呈先升高后降低趋势，且所有施加生物炭处理的籽粒蛋白质含量均低于B0W0处理；W1条件下施加生物炭处理的籽粒蛋白质含量变化趋势与W0条件下...

Comprehensive Evaluation of Biochar Amount and Irrigation Amount on Grain Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat in Irrigation District of Northern Xinjiang

In order to understand the comprehensive effect of biochar amount and irrigation amount on grain yield and quality of spring wheat in the irrigation area of northern Xinjiang, three irrigation levels of 4 500 m³·hm^-2 (W0), 4 050 m³·hm^-2 (W1), and 3 600 m³·hm^-2 (W2), and three biochar application rates of 0 t·hm^-2 (B0), 10 t·hm^-2 (B1), and 20 t·hm^-2 (B2) were set up in a randomized block design experiment. The dry matter accumulation, grain yield and some quality indices such as grain protein content of spring wheat were compared and comprehensively evaluated through DTOPSIS method under different treatments of biochar dosage and irrigation rate. The results showed that the effects of biochar on dry matter accumulation of spring wheat were not significant under different irrigation amounts, while the application of biochar promoted the grain quality of spring wheat, and the interaction of irrigation amount and biochar amount had significant effects on grain quality and yield of spring wheat. Under W0 treatments, the grain protein content of spring wheat increased first and then decreased with the increase of the biochar amount, and the grain protein content of spring wheat under the treatment of biochar was lower than that under the B0W0 treatment. The trend of grain protein content in spring wheat treated with biochar under W1 irrigation was the same as that under W0 irrigation. Under W2 irrigation, grain protein (dry base), gluten (wet base), and Zeleny sedimentation of spring wheat increased with the increase of biochar application, among which B2W2 treatment had the highest values. Under W0 and W1 irrigation, spring wheat yield initially increased and then decreased with the increase of biochar application, and the highest yield under B1W0 treatment was 16.2% higher than that under B0W0 treatment. The entropy based DTOPSIS analysis showed that the top three treatments of proximity f value were B1W2, B2W2 and B2W0. Therefore, it is concluded that the application amount of biochar in the range of 10-20 t·hm^-2 and the irrigation amount in the range of 4 050-3 600 m³·hm^-2 have the potential to improve the quality of spring wheat and increase farmland water saving in the irrigation area of northern Xinjiang.