Signal interactions in pathogen and insect attack: expression of lipoxygenase,proteinase inhibitor II,and pathogenesis-related protein P4 in the tomato,Lycopersicon esculentum |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA;2. Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA;1. Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland;2. Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;3. Institute of Environmental Science, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;4. Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;5. Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Heinrichstraße 243, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany;6. Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;1. Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland;1. Laboratory of Phytopathology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Charles Viollette Institute, Regional Research Laboratory for Food and Biotechnology – ProBioGEM Team, EA1026, Polytech''Lille, University Lille 1, Sciences and Technologies, Avenue Paul Langevin, F-59 655 Villeneuve d''Asq, France |
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| Abstract: | Pathogens and insects can elicit different sets of plant host responses, supporting the hypothesis for control by different signaling pathways. To evaluate the potential for signal interaction in plants attacked by pathogens and insects, the mRNA abundance for lipoxygenase (LOX), a wound-inducible proteinase inhibitor (PINII), and a pathogenesis-related protein (P4) was evaluated in tomato leaves following challenge with a variety of agents. PINII and P4 expression was determined as these proteins are induced in tomato leaves characteristically following attack by certain insects or pathogens, respectively. Expression studies of LOX, PINII, and P4 indicate that their induction in tomato does not follow a strict pattern based on the type of biologic inducer (insect vs. pathogen) or chemical treatment, with each specific treatment inducing a distinct pattern of gene expression. However, plants induced to express disease resistance with the synthetic salicylate mimic benzothiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester were compromised in their expression of the wound- or jasmonate-activated PINII, consistent with an observed increase in susceptibility to insect herbivory reported in a companion study. The results do not support the hypothesis for a strict dichotomy of signaling by insects and pathogens of LOX, PINII and P4 in tomato, but point to a potential vulnerability of acquired resistance evident at the levels of gene expression and response to insect attack. |
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