砂姜黑土的粘粒矿物组成和蒙皂石来源的探讨

对不同地区的几个砂姜黑土剖面的粘粒矿物进行了 X 射线衍射分析,结果表明均以蒙皂石为主,其次为伊利石,高岭石和蛭石含量较少,仅山东高密的砂姜黑土削面含少量绿泥石。这与毗邻土壤类型迥然不同。对黑土层石英砂的 SEM 观察表明,砂姜黑土的母质均为洪(冲)积-湖沼沉积型。笔者认为,砂姜黑土中高含量的蒙皂石主要系流水悬浮而来,在湖泊静水环境中沉淀富集而成,其来源范围比粗骨颗粒部分更广泛。

Composition of Clay Minerals and Discussion of the Origin of Smectite in Shajiang Black Soils

The clay minerals of Shajiang black soils of different types and sites were identified.The results indicated that the content of smectite was the highest,illite less and the content of clay minerals in kaolinite and vermiculite was all very low.The obervation of SEM micrographs of quartz sands from black soil horizons in Shajiang black soils showed that the parent materials of Shajiang black soils were all flood- ing or(and)fluviogenic-lake sediments.It is suppested that most of the smectite were brought in...