琼脂平板法测定铜离子对菊苣种子萌发的影响

在实验室条件下,研究了3种培养基（蒸馏水培养基、糖水培养基、MS培养基）不同铜离子水平（0、2、4、10、40 mg/L）对菊科植物菊苣（Cichorium intybus L.）种子发芽率、根生长和芽生长的影响,以研究重金属污染对植物生长的危害。结果表明：①铜离子浓度为0～4 mg/L时,促进种子发芽;浓度为4 mg/L时,种子的发芽率最高;浓度为4～10 mg/L时,对种子萌发具有明显的抑制作用,发芽率迅速降低;浓度≥10 mg/L时,种子的发芽率缓慢降低。②铜离子浓度为0～2 mg/L时,促进种子根和芽的生长;浓度为2～10 mg/L时,对种子根和芽的生长具有明显的抑制作用,种子的根长和芽长值迅速降低;浓度≥10 mg/L时,种子的根长和芽长值缓慢降低,根严重发育不良。（2）随着铜离子浓度的升高,蒸馏水培养基培养的种子发芽率和芽长值出现明显的峰值,其发芽率在3种培养基中受影响最大;MS培养基培养的种子发芽率和芽长值也有明显的峰值,而根长值变化不大、峰值不明显;糖水培养基培养的种子发芽率和根长值出现明显的峰值,而芽长值变化不大、峰值不明显。

Effects of Copper Ion on Seeds Germination of Cichorium intybus L.Determined by Agar Plate Method

In order to study the impact of heavy metal pollution on plant growth,the effects of different concentrations of Cu2＋ and different culture mediums（water culture medium,water-sugar culture medium and MS culture medium）in nutrient solution on the germination rate,and the growth of root and shoot of Cichorium intybus L.were studied.The results showed that the germination rate was promoted when the concentration of Cu2＋ was 0-4 mg/L,and the germination rate was the largest at 4 mg/L of Cu2＋.The germination was inhibited obviously when the concentration of Cu2＋ was 4-10 mg/L,and the germination rate reduced quickly.The germination rate reduced slowly when the concentration of Cu2＋ reached 10 mg/L and more.The growth of root and shoot was promoted when the concentration of Cu2＋ was 0-2 mg/L,that was inhibited obviously and the root length and shoot length reduced quickly when the concentration of Cu2＋ was 2-10 mg/L.The root length and shoot length reduced slowly when the concentration of Cu2＋ reached 10 mg/L,and the root could not grow nearly.Obvious peak of the germination rate and shoot length appeared in distilled water medium with the increasing of the concentration of Cu2＋.The germination rate and shoot length reached the highest when the seeds grew in MS culture medium,while the root length changed slightly.Obvious peak of the germination rate and root length appeared when the seeds grew in water-sugar culture medium,while the shoot length changed slightly.