免耕播种机驱动圆盘防堵单元体的设计与试验

一年两熟区前茬残留物多为玉米残茬，连同杂草易使免耕播种机播种冬小麦时造成开沟器堵塞。针对该问题，提出了驱动圆盘刀嵌入组合式开沟器联合防堵原理，设计了一种驱动圆盘式防堵单元体，并分析和确定了其主要结构参数。田间试验表明，驱动圆盘防堵单元体能够有效解决秸秆堵塞问题，保证小麦免耕播种机的通过性。与条带粉碎式小麦免耕播种机相比，驱动圆盘式小麦免耕播种机根茬切断率提高了11.2%，土壤扰动量减少了58.8%。在小麦返青期的苗情监测表明，与条带粉碎式小麦免耕播种和传统耕作播种相比，利用驱动圆盘式防堵单元体播种的免耕地，0～20 cm土壤层含水率最高，小麦分蘖数和次生根数最多，较好地满足一年两熟区农艺要求。

Design and experiment on the driving disc of anti-blocking unit for no-tillage planter

According to the problem of straw blocking of no-tillage winter wheat planting in corn residue and weed-covered fields in annual double cropping areas of China, this paper put forward an anti-blocking method that the combined opener was adopted embedded with driving disc, and the driving disc anti-blocking unit was designed for no-tillage wheat planter. Furthermore, the key parameters were analyzed and determined. The field experiment showed that the driving disc unit was effective in solving straw blocking and ensuring the passing ability of no-tillage wheat planter. Compared with strip-chopping wheat no-tillage planter, the driving disc no-tillage wheat planter improved the stubble-cutting rate by 11.2% and decreased soil disturbance by 58.8%. Compared with the fields planted by strip-chopping and traditional planters, the fields planted by driving disc no-tillage wheat planter have the highest soil moisture in 0-20 cm depth and the greatest number of tiller and secondary root, indicating this new planter can meet the requirements of agronomy in two-crop a year regions effectively.