外源多胺对不同苹果品种自花授粉花粉管生长的影响

【目的】研究外源多胺处理苹果花柱后自花授粉花粉管生长情况，获得能提高不同苹果品种自交坐果率的外源多胺适宜浓度，为提高苹果自交亲和率提供科学依据。【方法】以红奥、早红香、嘎拉、斗南、富士、金冠和夏光7个苹果品种的花柱和花粉为试验材料，用花柱半离体方法研究外源多胺对苹果自花授粉花粉管生长的影响。【结果】适宜浓度的外源Spm、Spd和Put处理自交不亲和苹果花柱后，均能提高花柱伸出花粉管比率和每根花柱管伸出花粉管数，其中红奥苹果花柱最适宜的Spm浓度为0.100 mmol/L，其他自交不亲和品种均为0.005 mmol/L；除金冠和夏光苹果适宜的Put浓度为0.25 mmol/L外，其他自交不亲和品种为0.01 mmol/L；适宜红奥和富士苹果的Spd浓度为0.01 mmol/L，适宜斗南、金冠和嘎拉苹果的Spd浓度为0.50 mmol/L，适宜夏光苹果的Spd浓度为0.25 mmol/L。【结论】一定浓度的外源多胺能够提高自交不亲和苹果品种的自交坐果率。

Effects of exogenous polyamines on growth of self-pollinated pollen tube in different apple cultivars

Objective]Growing status of self-pollinated pollen tubes after being treated by exogenous polyamines was studied to single out the appropriate concentration of exogenous polyamines for improving apple’s self-incompatibility rate.Method]The stilet and pollen of seven different apple cultivars viz.,Hongao,Zaohongxiang,Gala,Dounan,Fuji,Golden Delicious,and Xiaguang were used as test materials;effects of exogenous polyamines on growth of self-pollinated pollen tube were studied through semi vitro culture.Result]Self-incompatible apple stilet treated by Spm,Spd,and Put at proper concentration boosted pollen elongation and pollen number.The most suitable Spm concentration for Hongao was 0.100 mmol/L,and for other self-incompatible cultivars was 0.005 mmol/L.On the other hand,the suitable Put concentration for Golden Delicious and Xiaguang was 0.25 mmol/L as opposed to all the other apple cultivars,which had the suitable Put concentration of 0.01 mmol/L.The suitable Spd concentration for Hongao and Fuji was 0.01 mmol/L;for Dounan,Golden delicious,and Gala,the suitable Spd concentration was 0.50 mmol/L;and as for Xiaguang,the suitable Spd concentration was 0.25 mmol/L.Conclusion]Self-incompatibility rate of self-incompatible apple species could be increased through treating stilet with exogenous polyamines at certain concentrations.