棉田除草剂氯胺嘧草醚田间使用技术研究

氯胺嘧草醚为2-嘧啶氧基-N-芳基苄胺类新型棉花田除草剂,本文于2014年和2015年在多地通过田间药效试验对该药剂的棉花安全性、杂草防效、杀草谱、持效期及推荐剂量等使用技术进行了研究。结果表明,该药剂在多数试验点对棉花表现安全,而在部分砂壤和碱性土壤条件下使用高剂量防治则有一定药害风险,需降低剂量使用;氯胺嘧草醚杀草谱较广,棉田多数杂草对其敏感;与对照药剂乙草胺和二甲戊灵相比,供试药剂在150g/hm~2剂量下的总草防效略低,而在225或250g/hm~2剂量下的总草防效与对照药剂基本相当;氯胺嘧草醚在药后15d开始发挥药效,持续期在45~60d左右,持效期较长;推荐该药剂在棉田的使用剂量为225~250g/hm~2,而砂壤和碱性土壤条件下需降低用量到75~150g/hm~2。该药剂在棉花播后苗前土壤封闭处理,然后覆膜,兑水量40~50kg/667m~2,可以用于棉田防除一年生禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草。

Application technology of herbicide ZJ1835 in cotton field

ZJ1835 is a novel 2-pyrimidinyloxy-N-arylbenzylamine herbicide. The control trials were carried out to evaluate its safety to cotton, control spectrum and efficacy, lasting time and recommended dosage in cotton field during 2014 and 2015. The result showed that ZJ1835 was safe to cotton in most test sites, but it had a certain security risk when it was used at some sandy loam soil or alkaline soil. ZJ1835 showed a wider controlling spectrum and was effective to most weeds in cotton field. Compared with acetochlor 50% EC and pendimethalin 33% EC, the total weeds control effect of ZJ1835 20% SC was slightly lower at dosage of 150 g/hm2, but had no significant difference with them at dosage of 225 or 250 g/hm2. The herbicidal activity of ZJ1835 started at 15th day after application and can last 45-60 days. In conclusion, ZJ1835 20% SC 225-250 g/hm2 was recommended for the control of weeds in most cotton filed, and 70-150 g/hm2 for sandy loam soil or alkaline soil. It should be sprayed on soil surface with spray volume of 40-50 kg/667 m2 before cotton seedling germinated, and the plastic film mulching was applied after application to improve its effect. Annual grassy weeds, broad-leaved weeds and sedges can be controlled by this method in cotton field.