复合相变储能保温砂浆在日光温室中的应用效果

为改善日光温室内作物生长的热环境,该文研制了一种适用于日光温室的石膏基石蜡/膨胀珍珠岩复合相变储能保温砂浆,其相变温度为25.6℃,相变潜热为89.8 k J/kg。并将50 mm的复合相变保温砂浆用于砖墙日光温室的后墙作为试验温室,与无相变材料的原砖墙温室(即对照温室)进行对比试验。在试验周期内,试验温室的室内日最低温度比对照温室平均高出1.5℃,最高可达2.4℃;其中,阴天试验温室的室内温度比对照温室平均高1.6℃;晴天试验温室的室内最高温度比对照温室低1.7℃,室内最大温差比对照温室低3.1℃,夜间(17:00-次日8:00)试验温室室温比对照温室平均高2.7℃;多云期间,试验温室的室内最高温比对照温室低1.4℃,最大温差比对照温室低3.5℃,夜间试验温室室温比对照温室平均高2.3℃;在相同栽培管理条件下,生长旺盛期和坐果期,试验温室的黄瓜植株高度比对照温室分别平均高出17.1和24.6 cm,试验温室内黄瓜的单果质量和单株结果数分别为对照温室的1.4倍和1.3倍,单株产量为对照温室的1.8倍。试验结果表明,复合相变储能保温砂浆具有良好的保温和蓄、放热效果,对日光温室内的热环境具有明显的改善效果,使其更适于黄瓜的生长。

Application effect of composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar in solar greenhouse

In order to improve the thermal environment of crop growth in solar greenhouse, a kind of gypsum-based paraffin/expanded perlite composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar was studied in this paper. The composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar was composed of complex shaped phase change particles, desulfurization gypsum, admixture and other components, and the reasonable formula and the production process of it were determined by experiments. The composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar with reasonable formula had a suitable phase transition temperature of 25.6℃ and a higher phase change latent heat of 89.8 kJ/kg. The 50 mm composite phase change thermal insulation mortar was used in the back wall of the brick wall solar greenhouse as the experimental greenhouse. The original brick wall solar greenhouse without phase change material was used as the comparative greenhouse. The comparison test of these 2 greenhouses showed that: From December 10, 2015 to February 18, 2016, the minimum daily temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 1.5℃ higher than that of the comparative greenhouse on the average, and the difference reached 2.4℃ at the most. On overcast day, the heat preservation quilt was closed, and the indoor temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 1.6℃ higher than that of the comparative greenhouse. On sunny day, the indoor maximum temperature of the experimental greenhouse and the comparative greenhouse was 28.9 and 30.6℃, respectively, and there was 1.7℃ difference between the two greehouses. The indoor maximum temperature difference of the experimental greenhouse and the comparative greenhouse was 21.3 and 24.4℃, respectively, and the former was 3.1℃ lower than the latter. During the night (from 17:00 to 08:00 in the next day), the average indoor temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 2.7℃ higher than that of the comparative greenhouse. On cloudy day, the indoor maximum temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 1.4℃ lower than that of the comparative greenhouse; the indoor maximum temperature difference of the experimental greenhouse and the comparative greenhouse was 20.4 and 23.9℃, respectively, and the former was 3.5℃ lower than the latter. During the night (from 17:00 to 8:00 in the next day), the average indoor temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 2.3℃ higherthan that of the comparative greenhouse. Under the same cultivation and management conditions, in the vigorous growth period and fruit-bearing stage, the height of cucumber plants in the experimental greenhouse was 17.1 and 24.6 cm higher than that of the comparative greenhouse. The single-fruit quality of the cucumber in the experimental greenhouse was 1.4 times that of the comparative greenhouse, the number of fruits per plant in the experimental greenhouse was 1.3 times that of the comparative greenhouse, and the output of per plant in the experimental greenhouse was 1.8 times that of the comparative greenhouse. The test results show that, the composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar has a good heat preservation and storage and release effect, and has an obvious improvement effect on the thermal environment in solar greenhouse. The thermal environment in the experimental greenhouse is more suitable for the growth of cucumber.