柑橘溃疡病检疫与防治

细菌性溃疡病是严重危害世界柑橘产业的重大检疫性病害之一,柑橘溃疡病引起落叶、枯枝和落果,溃疡病斑导致果品质量降低,影响外贸出口。世界各国长期以来对病害采取严格苗木检疫、疫区病树铲除、零星病害药剂防控的综合治理措施;新近美国农业部推出"柑橘健康种植行动计划";2007年7月中国农业部正式启动"柑橘非疫区建设和维护"项目,总体目标在于防控柑橘溃疡病的发生和传播,确保柑橘产业的安全。

Quarantine and control of citrus bacterial canker disease

Citrus bacterial canker disease is one of the severe quarantine disease in the whole world for citrus plantation areas,which was caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri with characteristic spotting lesions on leaf,fruit,and stem.It usually reduces yield and quality of fruits for export.Integrated pest management includes inspection and quarantine of citrus nurseries,eradication of diseased and exposed trees in infested areas and chemical control of canker diseased grove.Recently,USDA/APHIS proposed the citrus health response plan,Chinese Administration of Agriculture finally initiated the project of establishment and maintaining of disease free areas in Chongqing municipality,mainly focusing on disease pest management practices of CBCD to guarantee the safety of citrus industry and prevent disease transmission and development.