Immunohistochemical localization of substance P,calcitonin gene-related peptide,galanin and calcium-binding proteins in trigeminal ganglia of goat (Capra hircus)

The objectives of this study was to provide a quantitative analysis of calcium-binding proteins, calbindin (CB), parvalbumin (PA), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and galanin (GAL), in trigeminal ganglia of goats, to establish whether they exhibit coexistence relationships between each other, and to examine possible colocalization with SP, CGRP and GAL, which have been well characterized according to their distributions in an abundance of large and/or small neurones. CB (12.78%), PA (31.91%), SP (24.63%), CGRP (44.44%) and GAL (3.29%) immunoreactive (IR) cells were observed. About 38.37, 8.7 and 0.73% of CGRP-IR neurones in the trigeminal ganglion were also immunoreacted with SP, GAL and CB, respectively. Almost all SP-IR cells are labelled with CGRP (approximately 92.52%), whereas only 16.02 and 0.44% of SP-IR neurones colocalized with GAL and CB. Approximately 4.65 and 1.10% of the CB-IR cells were found to contain CGRP and SP immunoreactivity, respectively. Conversely, no CB-IR cell exhibited GAL immunoreactivity. In addition, all the GAL-IR cells showed CGRP and SP immunoreactivity. The number of CB-, PA-, SP-, CGRP- and GAL-IR neurones in goat trigeminal ganglion are abundant than that of other animals. These results elucidate that the goat differs from other mammalian species in the distribution and localization of neurochemical substances in trigeminal ganglia, and suggest that this difference may be relevant to the morphological characteristics of cerebral vasculatures such as epidural rete mirabile of goat.