三点金开花结实特性研究

对三点金(Desmodium tiflourum)在整个生育期内开花结实过程进行了观察分析,结果表明:三点金为一年多季开花植物,具有2个明显的开花期,第1、第2开花期分别为4-6月(75~80 d)和9-10月(62~65 d);三点金第1、2开花期花粉失活率分别为72.34%和87.23%,第1开花期小花花粉活力显著低于第2开花期花粉活力,三点金花粉可育率在第1、2开花期分别为92.60%和93.72%,2个花期柱头散落花粉数分别为5.86和5.77粒,二者无显著差异;三点金单荚成熟天数为28~31 d,三点金在5-11月均有结实现象发生,但结实高峰期为10月中旬-11月初(20~22 d),不同土壤基质的三点金以100%砖红壤的结实率及结实数量最大。

Study on characteristics of blooming and seed setting of Desmodium tiflourum

The blooming and seed setting characteristics of Desmodium tiflourum in the whole growing period were studied. The result indicated that D. tiflourum could blooming in entire year and had two significant blooming stages. The first lasted 75 to 80 days from April to June and the second was from September to October which lasted 62 to 65 days; Pollen viability in the first and second blooming stages were 72.34% and 87.23%, and the first was significantly lower than the second. Pollen fertility in the first and second stages was 92.60% and 93.72%. The number of pollen falling on the stigma in the first and second stages was 5.86 and 5.77, and no significant difference was found. The duration of a pod getting maturated was 28 to 31 days, the bearing phrase lasted from May to November and the peak stage of the seed setting was from October to November. The optimal soil type that suitable for D. tiflourum was laterite, and the seed setting rate and pod setting number were the highest.