七种淡水鱼类色素含量和酪氨酸酶活力的比较研究

以草鱼、鲫、团头鲂、黄颡鱼、黄鳝、泥鳅和斑点叉尾鱼回为研究对象,分别测定其血清、皮肤、鳞片中酪氨酸酶活力,以及皮肤、鳞片中类胡萝卜素、叶黄素含量,探讨体色相关因子、色素在不同种类、同一种类不同部位分布的差异性。结果表明,酪氨酸酶在皮肤、鳞片、血清中均有分布;不同种类鱼皮肤、鳞片中总类胡萝卜素、叶黄素含量也存在差异,尤其是体色带黄色的鱼如黄鳝、泥鳅的背部、腹部皮肤中类胡萝卜素、叶黄素含量很高,显著高于其他试验鱼种（P〈0.05）;即使体色较黑的鱼如鲫、草鱼、团头鲂的鳞片、皮肤中也含有较高含量的类胡萝卜素、叶黄素。对于同一种鱼,其背部皮肤中类胡萝卜素、叶黄素含量显著高于腹部皮肤。本试验表明鱼体体表颜色是黑色素和类胡萝卜素等色素综合表现的结果,其中黄色色泽的深浅与总胡萝卜素、叶黄素含量有直接的关系;黑色色泽深浅与酪氨酸酶活力大小有直接的关系。

The comparison of pigment and tryosinase activity in seven species of freshwater fishes

The tryosinase activity and the concentration of carotenoids and luteins in blood serum,skin and squama of seven freshwater fishes,such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Carassius auratus auratus,Megalobrama amblycephala,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco,Monopterus albus,Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Ictalurus punctatus,were determined in order to discover the differences among species and the different parts of the same fish.The results showed that the tryosinase exists in blood serum,skin and squama.The concentration of carotenoids and luteins in skin and squama also have remarkable difference among different species.Concentration of carotenoids and luteins in backside and belly skin of Monopterus albus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were higher than other species(P<0.05).Concentration of carotenoids and luteins in skin and serum of ctenopharyngodon idellus,carassius auratus auratus and megalobrama amblycephala were also high.Concentration of carotenoids and luteins in backside skin were higher than that in belly skin for the same kind of fish.From this experiment,we know that melanin and carotenoids both have effect on the skin colour of fish.The depth of yellowness has a direct connection with the concentration of carotenoids and luteins;Besides,the depth of blackness also has a direct connection with the tryosinase activity.