不同放养和管理模式对三角帆蚌生长与养殖产量的影响

2004年7月28日-10月28日在浙江省诸暨市淡水珍珠业省级科技创新服务中心枫桥实验基地通过围隔实验研究了不同放养和管理模式对1龄和2龄三角帆蚌生长与养殖产量的影响。实验中采用三种放养模式：三角帆蚌单养，三角帆蚌与鲢、鳙混养，三角帆蚌与异育银鲫混养。每种放养模式采用施肥、施肥结合投喂鱼或蚌配合饲料两种管理措施。实验开始和结束时测量三角帆蚌壳长、蚌壳宽、蚌重和鱼体重，根据蚌、鱼成活率和生长计算产量。实验结果表明：1龄和2龄三角帆蚌生长和养殖产量因放养模式而异，鱼蚌混养不仅额外获得鱼产量，同时也提高了蚌产量。两种鱼蚌混养模式相比，混养异育银鲫对1龄三角帆蚌生长较有利，混养鲢和鳙对2龄三角帆蚌生长较有利。在施肥、施肥结合投喂鱼或蚌配合饲料两种管理措施下，三角帆蚌生长和产量无明显差异。

Effect of different models of stocking and management on growth and yield of freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii

To examine the effect of stocking and management models on growth and yield of freshwater pearl mussel,Hyriopsis cumingii,an enclosure experiment was carried out in the Science and Technology Service Center for Freshwater Pearl Industry of Zhejiang Province at Fengqiao,Zhuji,from July 28 to October 28,2004.Three types of stocking including monoculture of the pearl mussel,polyculture of the pearl mussel and gibel carp(Carassius auratus gibelio), and polyculture of the pearl mussel,silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis) were established.For each type of stocking,two types of management including fertilizing and the combined use of fertilizer and formulated diet were used.At the start and end of the enclosure experiment,shell length,shell width,total weight of the pearl mussel,and body weight of the fish were measured.Yield of the pearl mussel and fish was calculated based on survival and growth of the pearl mussel and fish.Results of the experiment show that growth and yield of the 1 year-old and 2 year-old pearl mussel are closely dependent on the stocking model used,while the management model examined does not affect growth and yield of the pearl mussel significantly.By using polyculture,yield of both the pearl mussel and fish can be multiplied.Further comparison shows polyculture with gibel carp results in relatively good growth of 1 year-old mussel,and polyculture with silver carp and bighead carp is helpful to enhance growth of 2 year-old mussel.