AM真菌摩西球囊霉对2种花生叶斑病的生防及促生作用

为了研究丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhiza，AM）真菌对2种花生叶部病害黑斑病（Cercosporium personatuma）和网斑病（Phoma arachidicola）的生物防治作用以及对花生生长的促进作用，为开发绿色菌肥奠定基础，在盆栽条件下对花生品种‘花育22号’接种AM真菌摩西球囊霉（Glomus mosseae），在自然发病情况下，测定摩西球囊霉接种对花生黑斑病和网斑病的防治效果以及对花生株高、分枝、果荚数、果荚干重、地上部干重、地下部干重等生长指标的影响。结果表明，接种AM真菌摩西球囊霉使花生株高、分枝、荚果数、荚果干重、地上部干重等生长指标显著地增加；对花生黑斑病防治效果为5.4%，对网斑病防治效果为10.2%。AM通过促进花生生长而补偿了病害造成的损失是其抗病机制之一。表明分离的摩西球囊霉是一株具有促进花生生长，对2种叶部病害具有一定生防作用的AM菌株。

Biocontrol Effects of AM Fungus Glomus mosseae on Two Peanut Leaf Spots and its Growth-promoting Effects on Peanut

In order to study biocontrol effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） on two leaf spots,peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.） black spot（Cercosporium personatuma） and peanut net blotch（Phoma arachidicola） ,the growth-promoting effects of AM fungus on peanut,and as a result,laying a foundation for the development of green manure,peanut cultivar‘Huayu 22’inoculated with AM fungus Glomus mosseae in a pot experiment,under natural infection conditions,biocontrol effects of G.mosseae on peanut black spot and peanut net blotch,growth indices including plant height,the numbers of branches or pods,dry mass of pods,aboveground or underground dry mass of peanut were investigated.The results indicated that,inoculation peanut with G.mosseae significantly improved plant height,the numbers of branches or pods,dry mass of pods,aboveground dry mass of peanut,and induced systemic acquired resistance to the two leaf spots.Control effect on peanut black spot was 5.4%,whereas on net peanut blotch was 10.2%.One of the mechanisms of G.mosseae improving resistance to the two diseases was promoting growth due to AM colonization may allow compensation for damage caused by the diseases.The results showed that G.mosseae isolated by us is a strain which can both promote the growth and control two leaf spots of peanut.