Enhanced growth effects on shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from inclusion of whole shrimp floc or floc fractions to a formulated diet |
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Authors: | Z.Y. JU I. FORSTER L. CONQUEST W. DOMINY |
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Affiliation: | Aquatic Feeds and Nutrition Department, Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii, USA |
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Abstract: | A growth trial was conducted to determine the effects of inclusion of whole shrimp floc or floc fractions to a control diet on growth and survival of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The floc sample was collected from marine shrimp culture tanks and partially fractionated by extraction with water, acetone and hexane. A series of diets was manufactured by inclusion of whole floc (intact or ground), each of the fractions or their combination to a control diet. These diets were fed to shrimp (approximately 1.0 g) in an indoor laboratory under flow‐through conditions for 8 weeks. It was found that addition of whole floc (200 g kg?1) or floc fractions (24–200 g kg?1) to the control diet improved (P < 0.05) shrimp growth rate without affecting (P > 0.05) shrimp survival (>81.3%). Although inclusion of whole floc reduced the crude protein and crude fat contents and gross energy of the control diet, shrimp fed the whole floc‐supplemented diets obtained the highest (P < 0.05) growth rates (1.01 and 1.03 g week?1) among the shrimp fed the 11 tested diets including two control (0.81 and 0.85 g week?1), two commercial (0.45 and 0.71 g week?1) and five floc‐fraction‐added (0.91–1.00 g week?1) diets. Many bioactive compounds in the floc that possibly affected shrimp growth were also analysed and quantified. |
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Keywords: | bioactive compounds diet floc fraction floc sample growth rate shrimp whole floc |
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