强度侵蚀山地不同治理措施对植被生长的影响及其生态效益分析

在福建省长汀河田强度侵蚀山地，采用固定标准样地定位研究和临时性调查相结合的方法，探讨了3种不同治理措施对强度侵蚀山地植被生长及生态效益方面的影响，结果表明：治理5年后，植被覆盖度明显提高，增长次序依次为草灌乔混交〉补植乔灌〉老头松改造〉对照；林木及草被生长加快，治理区植物种类呈明显增加趋势，草灌乔混交区植物种类最为丰富，达13科16属20种；土壤侵蚀率下降21．92％-32．14％，有机质含量提高3．76～4．48g／kg；治理区土壤侵蚀模数与对照区相比降幅达86％～91％；区域小气候等生态因子得到明显改善。这说明通过治理，能较好地促进强度侵蚀山地的植被生长，改善侵蚀区生态环境，而采用草灌乔混交措施的治理效果最好。

Analysis on the Impacts and the Ecological Benefits of Different Conservation Measures to Vegetation Growth on the Serious Eroded Mountain Areas

Combined with the methods of positioning study on the fixed standard sample plot and the temporary investigation, it is studied impacts of three different management measures to the vegetation growth and their ecological benefits on the serious erosion mountain areas of Hetian Township, Changting County of Fujian Province. The result shows that, after five years＇ management, the vegetation coverage percent is increased obviously. The vegetation growth was in sequence of grass mixed with shrub ＆ trees 〉 repair planted trees ＆ shrubs 〉 old - man masson pine rehabilitation 〉 uncut stand. Stands and grass cover grew faster, and the plants in the management areas appear the obvious in- crease trend. The plants in the plot of grass mixed with shrubs and trees enjoy the most abundant species, reaching 20 species of 16 genuses under 13 families. The soil erosion ratio decreased by 21.92% to 32.14%, while the organic contents increased by 3.76 to 4.48g/kg. Compared with that of in the uncut stand plot, the amplitude reduction for the soil erosion module in the soil management plot reached 86%-91%, the ecological factors such as the regional microelimate were obviously improved. This explains that through the management, it may be better in facilitating the vegetation growth on the serious eroded mountain lands so as to improve the ecoenvironment in the erosion area. Of which, the measure that grass mixed with the shrubs and trees enjoys the best management impact to the erosion.