甘蔗新品种及主栽品种对褐锈病抗性与Bru1基因分子检测

为明确近年我国各甘蔗育种单位育成的新品种及各蔗区主栽品种对甘蔗褐锈病的抗性,筛选抗褐锈病优良新品种供生产上推广应用,本研究结合全国甘蔗新品种联合区域试验,选择甘蔗褐锈病高发的云南临沧、云南普洱、云南玉溪和广西宜州蔗区,在田间自然发病下,对我国近年来选育的60个新品种和34个主栽品种进行抗性评价,并对抗褐锈病基因Bru1进行分子检测。结果表明,94个新品种及主栽品种中,66个表现高抗到中抗,占70.21%;28个表现为感病到高感,占29.79%。分子检测结果显示,共54个抗病新品种及主栽品种含有抗褐锈病基因Bru1,频率为57.45%。目前大面积种植的桂糖29号、桂糖44号、德蔗03-83、柳城03-1137、粤糖60号、桂糖46号等主栽品种高度感病,而粤甘48号、福农09-2201、桂糖08-120、柳城09-15、中蔗1号、云蔗08-1609、云瑞10-187、中糖1201等31个新品种抗病性强。建议多雨湿润褐锈病高发蔗区,应加大淘汰感病主栽品种和推广应用抗病新品种力度,以期达到品种合理布局,从根本上控制褐锈病暴发流行,为甘蔗产业高质量发展提供安全保障。

Identification of brown rust resistance and molecular detection of Bru1 gene in new and main cultivated sugarcane varieties

The aim of this study was to assess brown rust resistance of new sugarcane varieties bred in China and main cultivated varieties in sugarcane planting area,and screen the elite new brown rust resistant varieties for popularization and application in production.In total,60 new varieties in the national regional test of new sugarcane varieties were tested in Kaiyuan and Lincang,and 34 main cultivated varieties were studied in Lincang,Puer,and Yuxi,Yunnan province,and Yizhou,Guangxi province,China,where the incidence of brown rust was particularly high.The resistance of these sugarcane varieties to brown rust was investigated under natural inoculation and molecular marker-assisted identification was used to detect the brown rust resistance gene Bru1.The results of field survey showed that 66(70.21%)of the 94 new and main cultivated varieties were highly resistant to moderately resistant,and 28(29.79%)were susceptible to highly susceptible.Molecular detection indicated that Bru1 gene was found among 54(57.45%)of the 94 new and main cultivated varieties.Some main cultivated varieties that were currently planted across large areas such as Guitang 29,Guitang 44,Dezhe 03-83,Liucheng 03-1137,Yuetang 60,and Guitang 46 were highly susceptible to brown rust,and 31 new varieties such as Yuegan 48,Funong 09-2201,Guitang 08-120,Liucheng 09-15,Zhongzhe 1,Yunzhe 08-1609,Yunrui 10-187,and Zhongtang 1201 were resistant.Therefore,in the sugarcane planting areas with high incidence of brown rust and wet and rainy climates,more effort should be eliminated the main susceptible varieties and promoted the application of new resistant varieties.This will help to achieve a reasonable distribution of varieties,fundamentally control the outbreak of disease in sugarcane planting areas,and provide security for the high-quality development of sugarcane industry in China in the future.