2013年皖东南地区汛期气候特征及主要农业气象灾害

为了提高农业生产应对气候变化能力和防灾减灾水平，通过对皖东南各县汛期4—9月254个自动气象站降水、温度数据资料进行统计分析，对皖东南地区2013年汛期降水、温度气候特征分布、主要农业气象灾害和与历年同期比较情况进一步研究。结果表明：汛期降水较历年同期降水量普遍偏少，西南部降水量大于东北部，该区暴雨分布不均，局部大暴雨；4—6月和9月平均气温接近常年同期，7—8月平均气温异常偏高，且北部平均气温高于南部，高温日数与历年同期相比，普遍偏多1倍，且高温极值多刷新历史记录；汛期农业气象灾害以洪涝和干旱为主，给农业生产带来不利影响。

Agricultural Climate Characteristics and Main Agro-meteorological Disasters for Flood Season in Southeastern Anhui Province in 2013

In order to improve the capability of addressing climate change for agricultural production and the defense capability of meteorological disasters, climate characteristics distribution of precipitation and temperature, main agro-meteorological disasters and the comparison with usual years in southeastern Anhui Province were investigated, based on the precipitation and temperature data of 254 automatic weather stations in flood season （from April to September）.The results showed that： precipitation was abnormally less then usual years and the precipitation in southwestern area was more than that of northeastern area. Rainstorm had regional maldistribution, while partial areas had heaven rainstorm. Average temperature from April to Jun and in September was near to usual years, and was abnormally higher in July and August. In region distribution, north area temperature was higher than the south area, high temperature days was 2 times than usual years and extremely high temperature was beyond history record. Agro-meteorological disasters for flood season were drought, flood and waterlogging, which had bad effects on agricultural production.