硬粒小麦-粗山羊草人工合成小麦CI108抗条锈病新基因的鉴定、基因推导与分子标记定位

利用我国流行的小麦条锈菌生理小种CY28、CY29、CY30、CY31、CY32和水源11致病型4对102份硬粒小麦-粗山羊草人工合成小麦材料进行抗病鉴定,其中CI108（组合为GAN/Aegilops squarrosa 201）对上述6个流行生理小种均表现免疫。利用CY31对杂交组合CI108/铭贤169正交、反交的F₁材料以及F₂代群体进行抗病鉴定，结果表明其抗性受细胞核显性单基因控制。基因推导表明，CI108对30个条锈菌生理小种均表现抗性，其抗谱与23份已知抗条锈病基因品种（系）不同，与K733（含有Yr24）和洛夫林13（含Yr9+未知基因）相似，但CI108与洛夫林13、K733对多个条锈菌生理小种的抗性程度不同，洛夫林13、K733与CI108系谱不同，且缺乏CI108特异的SSR标记Xgwm456的抗病特异带。所以，CI108中抗条锈基因应该是不同于其他基因的抗条锈病新基因，暂命名为YrC108。进一步利用CI108/铭贤169的F₂群体、抗感分离分析池（BSA）筛选YrC108的SSR分子标记，找到了3个紧密连锁的标记，其中Xgwm456和Wmc419位于YrC108的一侧，与YrC108间遗传距离分别为0.6 cM和1.8 cM，Wmc413位于YrC108的另一侧，遗传距离为0.6 cM。本研究为小麦抗条锈病育种提供了高抗、广谱的新抗源和进行高效检测的分子标记。

Identification and Molecular Mapping of a Novel Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in a Triticum durum-Aegilops tauschii Amphiploid CI108

From 102 synthetic wheat germplasms of Triticum durum and Aegilops tauschii, a germplasm CI108 with combination of GAN/Ae. squarrosa 201 conferring good resistance to stripe rust, with infection type (IT) of 0 or 0; grade, was identified through inoculating Chinese prevailing races of Puccinia striformis f. sp. Tritici(Pst),including CY28-CY32, and Shuiyuan 11-4. The results of genetic analysis suggested the stripe rust resistance gene in CI108 was controlled by a single nuclear dominate gene, temporarily termed YrC108. The results of gene postulation, in which the responses of CI108 and 25 wheat lines possessing known stripe rust resistance genes were evaluated to 30 races of Pst showed that CI108 conferred resistance to all 30 races of Pst. The response pattern of CI108 to the 30 races was different from those of the 23 lines containing known resistance genes but similar to those of K733 containing Yr24 and Lovin 13 containing Yr9 unknown gene. However, the degree of resistance of CI108 was different from those of K733 and Lovrin 13. By using an F2 population of CI108/Mingxian 169 and BSA method, SSR markers associated with YrC108 were screened. We identified three SSR markers: Xgwm456 and Wmc419 located on one side of YrC108 with a genetic distance of 0.6 cM and 1.8 cM respectively, whereas Wmc413 located on the other side of YrC108 with a genetic distance of 0.6 cM. Furthermore, the markers could distinguish YrC108 from the resistance genes in K733 and Lovrin 13, suggesting that YrC108 should be a novel resistance gene.