我国绿色防控技术应用状况及发展建议

绿色防控是在农业生产中采取生态调控、理化诱控、生物防控以及科学精准用药技术措施提高病虫害综合防治效率, 最大程度地减少农药用量、降低农产品的农药残留, 从而达到推动绿色无公害产业发展和提高整体经济效益的目的。其中生态调控包括选用抗病品种、优化作物布局、培育健康种苗、清洁田园等措施;理化诱控包括色诱、灯诱、性诱、食诱、两网覆盖、避雨防控等措施;生物防控包括以虫治虫、以螨治螨、以菌治虫、以菌治菌等措施。科学精准用药技术以高效、低毒、低残留的生态环保农药为基础, 从农药制剂、施药机械、施药技术上进行了阐释, 最后针对目前绿色防控过程中政府和社会的重视程度、农民认识、资金支持、防控体系、推广方式中存在的问题, 给出了相应的对策建议。

Application and development suggestions of green pest controltechniques in China

Green pest control are the techniques which take methods contain ecological control, physical and chemical lure control, biological control and scientific precision drug technique in agriculture production aiming to improve the efficiency of integrated pest management, minimize chemical consumption, reduce the pesticide residue in agricultural products, so as to promote green pollution-free industry development and improve overall economic efficiency. Ecological control includes the selection of disease-resistant varieties, the optimization of crop distribution, the cultivation of healthy seedlings, and the cleaning of farmland. Physical and chemical lure control include color attraction, light attraction, sexual attraction, food attraction, two type nets coverage, rain shelter prevention and control measures; Biological control includes insect with insect, mite with mite, microorganism with pest, microorganism with microorganism and other measures. scientific precision drug technique, based on the ecol-friendly pesticides which are high-efficiency, low toxicity and low residue gave interruption from pesticide preparations, spray equipment, spray technique. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were given according to the problems existing in the extent of importance in the government and society , peasants cognition , financial support, pest control system, promotion methods in the process of green pest control.